Neurology Flashcards
Prophy tx for migraine
Anti-HTNsives, anti-depressants, anti-convulsants
MC pituitary tumor. Tx?
Prolactinoma
-Tx: DA agonists (ex: bromocriptine)
55 yo pt presents with acute “broken speech.” What type of aphasia? What lobe and vascular distribution?
Broca’s aphasia. Frontal lobe, L MCA distribution.
MCC of SAH
1) Trauma
2) Berry aneurysm
Crescent-shaped hyperdensity on CT that does not cross the midline
Subdural hematoma (bridging vv. torn)
Hx significant for initial AMS with an intervening lucid interval. Dx? Most likely source? Tx?
- Dx: epidural hematoma
- Source: middle meningeal a.
- Tx: neurosurgical evacuation
CSF findings with SAH
Elevated ICP, RBCs, xanthochromia
Albuminocytologic dissociation
Guillain Barré syndrome (increased protein in CSF without a significant increase in cell count)
Cold H2O is flushed into a pt’s ear, and the fast phase of the nystagmus is toward the opposite side. Nl or pathologic?
Nl
MC 1˚ sources of mets to the brain
“Lots of Bad Stuff Kills Glia”: Lung, Breast, Skin (melanoma), Kidney, GI tract
May be seen in kids who are accused of inattention in class and confused with ADHD
Absence szs
Most frequent presentation of intracranial neoplasm
H/A
MCC of szs in kids (2-10 y/o)
Infxn, febrile szs, trauma, idiopathic
MCC szs in YA
Trauma, EtOH w/d, brain tumor
1st line medication for status epilepticus
IV benzo
Confusion, confabulation, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia
Wernicke’s encephalopathy d/t thiamine deficiency
What % lesion is an indication for carotid endarterectomy?
70% if stenosis is sxic
MCCs of dementia
Alzheimer’s and multi-infarct
Combined UMN and LMN d/o
ALS
Rigidity and stiffness with resting tremor and masked facies
Parkinson dz
Mainstay of Parkinson’s therapy
Levodopa/carbidopa
Tx for Guillain-Barré syndrome
IVIG or plasmapheresis
Rigidity and stiffness that progresses to choreiform movements accompanied by moodiness and altered behavior
Huntington’s dz
6 yo F presents with a port-wine stain in the V2 distribution as well as mental retardation, szs, and IPSI leptomeningeal angioma. Dx? Tx?
Sturge-Weber syndrome
Tx: Sxically. Possible focal cerebral resection of the affected lobe.
Café-au-lait spots on skin
Neurofibromatosis type I
Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, and hyperdocility
Klüver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
May be administered to a sxic pt to diagnosis myasthenia gravis
Edrophonium
U/l severe periorbital H/A with tearing and conjunctival erythema
Cluster H/A
