Emergency Medicine Flashcards
SEs of corticosteroids
Acute mania, immunosuppression, thin skin, osteoporosis, easy bruising, myopathies
Tx for DTs
Benzos
Tx for APAP O/D
N-acetylcysteine
Tx for opioid O/D
Naloxone
Tx for benzo O/D
Flumazenil
Tx for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) and malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
Tx for malignant HTN
Nitroprusside
Tx of AFib
Rate control, rhythm conversion, and anticoagulation
Tx of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
- If stable, rate control with carotid massage or other vagal stimulation
- If unsuccessful, consider adenosine
Causes of drug-induced SLE
Hydralazine, INH, penicillamine, procainamide, chlorpromazine, methyldopa, quinidine
Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia with neuro sxs
B12 deficiency
Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia without neuro sxs
Folate deficiency
Burn pt presents with cherry-red flushed skin and coma. SaO2 is nl, carboxyHb (COHb) is elevated. Tx?
Tx CO poisoning with 100% O2 or with hyperbaric O2 if severe poisoning or pregnant pt
Blood in urethral meatus or high-riding prostate
Bladder rupture or urethral injury
Test to r/o urethral injury
Retrograde cystourethrogram
Radiographic evidence of aortic disruption or dissection
Widened mediastinum (>8 cm), loss of aortic knob, pleural cap, tracheal deviation to the right, LMSB depression
Radiographic indications for surgery in pts with acute abdomen
Free air under the diaphragm, extravasation of contrast, severe bowel distention, space-occupying lesion (CT), mesenteric occlusion (angiography)
MC organism in burn-related infxns
Pseudomonas
Method of calculating fluid repletion in burn pts
Parkland formula
Acceptable UOP in a trauma pt
50 cc/hr
Acceptable UOP in a stable pt
30 cc/hr
Cannon “a” waves
3rd degree heart block
Signs of neurogenic shock
Hypotension and bradycardia
Signs of increased ICP (Cushing’s triad)
HTN, bradycardia, and abnl respirations
Decreased CO, decreased PCWP, increased peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)
Hypovolemic shock
Decreased CO, increased PCWP, increased PVR
Cardiogenic (or obstructive) shock
Increased CO, decreased PCWP, decreased PVR
Septic or anaphylactic shock
Tx of septic shock
Fluids, abx
Tx of cardiogenic shock
Identify cause, pressors (ex: DA)
Tx of hypovolemic shock
Identify cause, fluid and blood repletion
Tx of anaphylactic shock
Diphenhydramine or Epi 1:1000
Supportive tx for ARDS
Continuous positive AW pressure (CPAP)
Signs of air embolism
A pt with chest trauma who was previously stable suddenly dies
Trauma series
AP chest, AP/lateral C-spine, AP pelvis
Class of drugs that may cause syndrome of m. rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, and extrapyramidal sxs (EPS)
Antipsychotics (neuroleptic malignant syndrome)
