Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine Flashcards
This disease is uncommon before 2yo, but can present as septicemia.
Pharyngitis
A 10yo girl has been experiencing headaches, congestion, and cough for 11 days. What is the best next step for treatment?
Sinusitis - if symptoms last longer than 10 days it is likely bacterial and antibiotics should be prescribed
Steeple sign on a CXR is characteristic of what disorder?
Croup
What risk factors are associated with GBS pneumonia in a newborn?
Prematurity, maternal infection, membrane rupture
A nighttime cough cough in a child is characteristic of what disorder?
Asthma
What is the gold standard test for cystic fibrosis?
Sweat chloride test
What is the most sensitive and specific sign of pneumonia in pediatric patients?
Tachypnea
This newborn respiratory distress disease presents with discolored amniotic fluid, diffuse parenchymal infiltrates, and hyperinflation.
Meconium aspiration
This newborn respiratory distress disease presents with lung infiltrates with air bronchograms or lobar consolidation and pleural effusion.
GBS Pneumonia
A cough in a child that disappears during sleep is characteristic of what disorder?
Habit cough
This newborn respiratory distress disease presents 24-48hrs after birth with diffuse parenchymal infiltrates.
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn
True/False. Sinusitis is unlikely to present before 7yo.
True - sinuses are not fully developed before this age
What is the most common cause of stridor in children?
Laryngomalacia
What is the most common cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children?
Adenotonsilar hypertrophy
How is choanal atresia diagnosed?
By the inability to pass a catheter through the nasal cavity
How do cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia differ?
Cystic fibrosis - pancreatic insufficiency
PCD - male infertility, dextrocardia
What is the most common cause of croup in children?
Parainfluenza virus
What is the most common serious acute illness in children?
Acute bronchiolitis
A persistent morning cough in a child is characteristic of what disorder?
Allergic rhinitis
When children are sleep deprived, how do they present?
Inattentive and hyperactive
Parents come to the ED with their infant concerned about his breathing. He breaths rapidly then stops breathing for 8s and rapidly breaths again. This pattern continuously repeats. What is the best treatment?
Reassurance to parents. This is normal breathing for an infant. Because of this to calculate an infant’s RR you must count all breaths for 60s
A paroxysmal cough in a child is characteristic of what disorder?
Pertussis
This pediatric disorder is due to the failure of the nasal cavity and oropharynx to connect.
Choanal atresia
What is the cause of laryngomalacia?
Exaggerated collapse of the glottic structures. It often improves with age
This congenital disorder allows for portions of the intestines to enter the thoraic cavity.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
