Pediatric GU & GYN Flashcards

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1
Q

Enuresis

A

Primary- never established control
Secondary- restarted after 6 months of control
check UA, culture
Treat- enuresis alarm, bladder control training, hypnosis, medications (imipramine, desmopressin, oxybutynin)

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2
Q

Treatment of UTI in kids

A
  • Oral antibiotics for 10-14 days (Bactrim, cephalosporins)
  • Hospitalize under 2mo old for IV antibiotics
  • Follow up in 2 days: change antibiotic if no improvement, then follow up in 1-2 weeks, then every 1-3 months for one year
  • Renal US after first UTI in febrile infants, or 2-24 months old
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3
Q

Prehn’s sign

A

Relief of scrotal pain with elevation of the scrotum occurs with epididymitis, and no relief of pain with testicular torsion

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4
Q

testicular torsion

A

acute severe pain, cremasteric reflex absent

emergent surgery

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5
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Primary: no pathology
Secondary: underlying cause (pregnancy, PID, endometriosis)
Heat, ibuprofen, NSAID, OCPs, refer to GYN if needed

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6
Q

Chlamydia

A

most common cause of cervicitis and urethritis in adolescents
S/sx: asymptomatic, dysuria, postcoital bleeding, discharge, pelvic pain, testicular pain
Dx: culture, or enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (quick urine test)
Tx: azithromycin 1 gm x1, OR doxycycline 100mg BID x7 days

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7
Q

Gonorrhea

A

leading cause of infertility in females
S/sx: dysuria, urinary frequency, discharge, labial pain/swelling, lower abdominal pain, fever, dysmenorrhea, nausea/vomiting, penile discharge, testicular pain
Dx: Culture
Tx: Ceftriaxone (Rocephin), co-treat chlamydia

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8
Q

Syphilis stages

A

Primary: painless chancre, adenopathy 2-6 weeks after exposure
Secondary: flu symptoms, adenopathy, rash (palms/soles/mouth) 6-8 weeks later
Latent: asymptomatic
Tertiary: leukoplakia, cardiac insufficiency, tumors, CNS involvement

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9
Q

Syphilis

A

VDRL/RPR to screen, and confirm with treponemal tests

Pencillin G (or if allergic, doxycycline, or erythromycin)

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10
Q

Herpes

A

initial- fever, malaise, dysuria, painful/pruritic ulcer for 12 days
recurrent- less painful/pruritic ulcer for 5 days
diagnose- viral culture
treat- acyclovir or valacyclovir

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11
Q

HIV/AIDS

A

Screen with HIV PCR in infants, and ELISA in older kids
Western blot to confirm
Monitor CD4 and viral load
Refer to ID/HIV specialist

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12
Q

CD4 count in HIV/AIDS management

A

Normal CD4 >800

Start antivirals and prophylactic drugs when CD4

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