Pediatric Endocrinology Flashcards

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1
Q

Rule of thumb for insulin initiation

A

0.5 units/kg/day, giving 2/3 dose in AM and 1/3 in evening

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2
Q

Frequency of DM screening for at-risk kids

A

Begin at age 10 or onset of puberty (whichever comes first) and repeat every 2 years

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3
Q

Only approved oral hypoglycemic medication for kids

A

Metformin–850mg twice a day or 500mg three times a day–

Does not stimulate insulin action, but reduces gluconeogenesis

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4
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A
  • Graves disease is most common cause
  • Labs: Increased T3, T4, low TSH, ANA usually elevated without evidence of lupus
  • Refer to endocrinology
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5
Q

Hypothyroidism

A
  • congenital, newborn screen, Hashimoto’s (autoimmune acquired)
  • Labs: elevated TSH, low T4 (T3 not a good indicator), increased serum cholesterol and liver enzymes
  • Refer to endocrinologist, Synthroid hormone replacement
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6
Q

Explain the thyroid negative feedback loop

A

T3,T4–>hypothalamus–>TRH–>pituitary–>TSH–>thyroid–>T3,T4

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