Infant Health Flashcards

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1
Q

How old do infants have to be to get ibuprofen?

What is the dosing?

A

Older than 6 months

10mg/kg every 6 hours

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2
Q

First-line for infants with fever

A

acetaminophen 10-15mg/kg every 4-6 hours

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3
Q

“What does a severely ill infant look like?”

A
  • temp greater than 104F, listless, unconsolable, feeds poorly
  • hospital admission recommended
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4
Q

“What does a moderately ill infant look like?”

A
  • fussy and irritable, but consolable, feeds

- suspect otitis media

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5
Q

“How does a mildly ill infant appear?”

A
  • alert and active, smiles and feeds well
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6
Q

Common organisms responsible for infections in first month of life?
In the second month of life?

A

First- group B strep, gram negative enteric pathogens

Second- Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae

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7
Q

What should you suspect with infants under 2 months having a temp of greater than 101.8F?

A

Suspect serious bacterial infection

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8
Q

Recommendations for infant dental care

A

Start brushing teeth at first tooth, floss when 2 teeth touch
Before teeth come in, clean gums with damp cloth
Do not take bottle to bed
First dental visit by age 1

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9
Q

Avoid these foods in children under 1 year old.

A
egg WHITES
honey
nuts
peanut butter
milk
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10
Q

When does separation anxiety first appear?

A

9 months

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11
Q

When does stranger anxiety first appear?

A

6 months

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12
Q

Galeazzi’s and Allis’ sign

A

Galeazzi’s sign: “Unequal knee height”
Allis’ sign: “Unequal leg length”
Both are a sign of unilateral hip dysplasia

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13
Q

When should testes be fully descended?

When would you refer?

A

normally descended by 3 months

refer after one year

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14
Q

Phimosis

A

Unable to fully retract foreskin

Okay if able to pass urine

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15
Q

What is Diastasis recti?

What is the treatment?

A

Separation of left and right sides of rectus abdominis muscle
Usually heals itself
Surgery only if hernia occurs

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16
Q

How long can infants have gynecomastia and galactorrhea from mom’s residual hormones?

A

Up to 3 months

17
Q

Sign of increased ICP in infants?

A

Shrill, high-pitched cry or change in cry

18
Q

When is infant head lag a red flag?

What could it indicate?

A
  • 6 months

- may be first sign of palsy

19
Q

Periodicity of Well Child Checks for newborns and infants

A

1 week, 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 15 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months

20
Q

Infant survival reflexes

A

Breathing
Temperature control
Eating (ability to suck)

21
Q

When should kids start drinking from a cup?

A

“When they’re old enough to walk, they’re old enough to drink from a cup”

21
Q

When are head and chest circumference equal?

A

1 year old

22
Q

When do you refer strabismus?

A

6 months old

23
Q

Where are lymph nodes normally palpable in infancy?

What palpable lymph nodes are cause for concern

A
  • Inguinal and cervical nodes 1-2cm may be normal

- Palpable supraclavicular nodes are cause for concern