Infant Health

Question 1

How old do infants have to be to get ibuprofen?

What is the dosing?

Answer 1

Older than 6 months

10mg/kg every 6 hours

Question 2

First-line for infants with fever

Answer 2

acetaminophen 10-15mg/kg every 4-6 hours

Question 3

“What does a severely ill infant look like?”

Answer 3

• temp greater than 104F, listless, unconsolable, feeds poorly
• hospital admission recommended

Question 4

“What does a moderately ill infant look like?”

Answer 4

• fussy and irritable, but consolable, feeds

- suspect otitis media

Question 5

“How does a mildly ill infant appear?”

Answer 5

• alert and active, smiles and feeds well

Question 6

Common organisms responsible for infections in first month of life?
In the second month of life?

Answer 6

First- group B strep, gram negative enteric pathogens

Second- Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae

Question 7

What should you suspect with infants under 2 months having a temp of greater than 101.8F?

Answer 7

Suspect serious bacterial infection

Question 8

Recommendations for infant dental care

Answer 8

Start brushing teeth at first tooth, floss when 2 teeth touch
Before teeth come in, clean gums with damp cloth
Do not take bottle to bed
First dental visit by age 1

Question 9

Avoid these foods in children under 1 year old.

Answer 9

egg WHITES
honey
nuts
peanut butter
milk

Question 10

When does separation anxiety first appear?

Answer 10

9 months

Question 11

When does stranger anxiety first appear?

Answer 11

6 months

Question 12

Galeazzi’s and Allis’ sign

Answer 12

Galeazzi’s sign: “Unequal knee height”
Allis’ sign: “Unequal leg length”
Both are a sign of unilateral hip dysplasia

Question 13

When should testes be fully descended?

When would you refer?

Answer 13

normally descended by 3 months

refer after one year

Question 14

Phimosis

Answer 14

Unable to fully retract foreskin

Okay if able to pass urine

Question 15

What is Diastasis recti?

What is the treatment?

Answer 15

Separation of left and right sides of rectus abdominis muscle
Usually heals itself
Surgery only if hernia occurs

Question 16

How long can infants have gynecomastia and galactorrhea from mom’s residual hormones?

Answer 16

Up to 3 months

Question 17

Sign of increased ICP in infants?

Answer 17

Shrill, high-pitched cry or change in cry

Question 18

When is infant head lag a red flag?

What could it indicate?

Answer 18

• 6 months

- may be first sign of palsy

Question 19

Periodicity of Well Child Checks for newborns and infants

Answer 19

1 week, 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 15 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, 36 months

Question 20

Infant survival reflexes

Answer 20

Breathing
Temperature control
Eating (ability to suck)

Question 21

When should kids start drinking from a cup?

Answer 21

“When they’re old enough to walk, they’re old enough to drink from a cup”

Question 21

When are head and chest circumference equal?

Answer 21

1 year old

Question 22

When do you refer strabismus?

Answer 22

6 months old

Question 23

Where are lymph nodes normally palpable in infancy?

What palpable lymph nodes are cause for concern

Answer 23

• Inguinal and cervical nodes 1-2cm may be normal

- Palpable supraclavicular nodes are cause for concern