Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PT 641 Peds > Pediatric Gait/Orthotic Prescription > Flashcards

Pediatric Gait/Orthotic Prescription Flashcards

1
Q

what problems can occur in the sagittal plane

A
  • anterior displacement of center of mass
  • forward head
  • protraction/retraction
  • kyphosis
  • lordosis
  • hip flexion
  • knee flexion/hyperextension
  • ankle DF/PF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what problems can occur in frontal plane

A
  • head tilt
  • pelvic obliquity
  • hip abd/add (scissoring)
  • trendelenburg
  • genu varum/valgum
  • pronation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what problems can occur in transverse plane

A
  • shoulder or pelvic retraction/rotation
  • antetorsion/retrotorsion
  • tibial torsion internal or external
  • metatarsus adductus
  • toeing in or out
  • windblown
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

both feet turn in the same direction

A

windblown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how does frontal plane balance develop

A
  • lateral stability first (walking side to side - cruising to prepare for gait)
  • sagittal mobility next
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

body weight distribution/COM ____ throughout the age continuum

A

changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_____ falls through a load bearing joint in typical gait

A

body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

proximity of loaded joints to the weight line _____ efficiency of gait

A

improves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 4 stance phase rockers

A
  • rocker 1: loading response
  • rocker 2: midstance
  • rocker 3: terminal stance to propulsion
  • rocker 4: toe rocker
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when do rockers typically develop

A

between 2.5 and 3.5 y/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

as rockers develop, the foot becomes more ___

A

propulsive (it becomes more stable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_____ continues to develop until 10 y/o

A

power generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when does rocker 1 typically occur

A

seen within first 6 months of independent walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

requires control of mass acceleration

A

rocker 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the size of the step taken prior to rocker 1 proportional to

A

strength of the stance hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

single leg stance where the tibia advances over the foot

A

midstance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when the tibia is vertical during midstance, the femur is

A

reclines

18
Q

when the femur is vertical during midstance, the tibia is

A

inclined

19
Q

stance phase stability

A
  • femur vertical
  • weight line is between heel and metatarsal heads
  • body weight is aligned over a stable base
20
Q

how much DF is needed for rocker 3

A

> or equal to 10deg

21
Q

quick elongation of posterior compartment leads to enhanced PF power

A

rocker 3 terminal stance

22
Q

PF propulsion accounts for up to how much of the acceleration energy in typical gait

A

45%

23
Q

strong U/L LE muscles will free up the pelvis to rotate and allow what

A

for the swing leg to extend

24
Q

a stable loaded foot converts from a shock absorber _______ to a rigid lever ______

A
  • rocker 1
  • rocker 3
25
Q

dominant muscles are

A

not counterbalanced, shortened and weak

26
Q

overpowered muscles are

A

lengthened end weak

27
Q

how to address PF contractures

A
  • bring the floor up to the heel
  • post weight shift/posterior weight line training
  • strengthen ant tib/EHL
28
Q

diagnosis of exclusion with no cause from neurological conditions or family/genetic components

A

idiopathic toe walking (ITW)

29
Q

until what age is intermittent toe walking part of typical development

A

age 3

30
Q

what part of the foot makes contact during initial contact in ITW and what rockers are lost

A
  • toe touch/forefoot
  • rocker 1 and 2
31
Q

by what age should you have all 3 rockers

A

6 yrs

32
Q

interventions for ITW

A

PROM, strengthening, night bracing, orthotics, serial casting, address sensory needs, botox injections, surgical lengthening

33
Q

what do you need to the orthotic device to do

A

hold
stop
resist
assist

34
Q
  • arch support
  • mild medial/lateral instability
A

shoe inserts

35
Q
  • hind foot instability
  • medial-lateral instability
  • not assistance for DF
  • no blocking of PF spasticity
  • foot plate: full or behind met heads
A

supramalleolar orthoses (SMO)

36
Q

what does a behind met head foot plate allow for

A

aids in rockers 3 and 4

37
Q
  • set at 90deg or 2-3deg DF to put tibia in inclined position
  • controls hindfoot
  • does not allow PF
  • assists with heelstrike and passively replaced DF
A

molded ankle foot orthosis (MAFO)/solid ankle AFO

38
Q
  • anti-crouch AFO
  • helps at the knee and ankle
A

ground reaction AFO

39
Q
  • permits ankle DF
  • need 10-15 deg of DF to use (need good ROM)
  • ankle joint can be free or with DF assist
  • watch for crouching
  • can utilize a check strap to control DF
A

articulating AFO

40
Q
  • similar height to AFO
  • assist in heel strike
  • DF assist in the type of material used
  • limited hindfoot stability provided
  • cut behind met heads to help promote rockers 3 and 4
A

posterior leaf spring (PLS)

41
Q
  • DF assist AFO
  • load the material in the brace to dive DF assist
  • need consistent heelstrike to utilize brace to its finest
A

carbon fiber AFO

PT 641 Peds (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions