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PT 641 Peds > Infant Reflexes > Flashcards

Infant Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

what s level is primary walking

A

spinal

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2
Q

when does primary walking appear by

A

38 weeks gestation

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3
Q

when is primary walking integrated by

A

2 months

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4
Q

primary walking is elicited by

A

in standing, hold infant under arms and incline forward

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5
Q

results of primary walking

A

automatic walking steps which are rhythmical and with heel strike

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6
Q

what brain level is galant

A

spinal

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7
Q

when does galant appear

A

32 weeks gestation

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8
Q

when is galant integrated by

A

2 months

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9
Q

how to elicit galanat

A

support infant by the thorax in prone with one hand (hold on FA); stroke one side of trunk between 12th rib and iliac crest with other hand

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10
Q

results of galant

A

lateral flexion on trunk toward the side that was stroked

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11
Q

what brain level is palmar grasp/hand grasp

A

spinal

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12
Q

when does palmar/hand grasp appear

A

birth

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13
Q

when is palmar/hand grasp integrated

A

4 months

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14
Q

how is palmar/hand grasp elicited

A

beginning on ulnar side of hand, apply pressure across the palm

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15
Q

result of palmar/hand grasp

A

flexion of fingers on the stimulated hand

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16
Q

what brain level is moro (startle)

A

associated/automatic reaction

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17
Q

when does moro (startle) appear

A

28 weeks gestation

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18
Q

when is moro (startle) integrated by

A

5 months

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19
Q

how to elicit moro (startle)

A

in supine, pull infant by the arms 2-3 inches from the surface and then release

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20
Q

results of moro (startle)

A

abduction/extension of the arms and legs

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21
Q

what brain level is root

A

spinal

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22
Q

when is root aquired

A

28 weeks gestation

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23
Q

when is root integrated by

A

3 months

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24
Q

how is root elicited

A

light stroke at the corner of the mouth and cheeck

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25
Q

results of root

A

lower lip droops, head turns toward stimulus

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26
Q

what brain level is toe/plantar grasp

A

spinal

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27
Q

when does toe/plantar grasp appear

A

28 weeks gestation

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28
Q

when is toe/plantar grasp integrated by

A

9 months

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29
Q

how is toe/plantar grasp elicited

A

beginning on the medial side, apply pressure to the ball of the foot

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30
Q

results of toe/plantar grasp

A

flexion of toes on stimulated foot

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31
Q

what brain level is plantar reflex (babinksi)

A

spinal

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32
Q

when does plantar reflex (babinksi) appear

A

birth

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33
Q

when is plantar reflex (babinksi) integrated

A

remains positive throughout 1st year of life

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34
Q

how is plantar reflex (babinksi) elicited

A

stroke the lateral part of the side of the sole of the foot

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35
Q

what are the results of plantar reflex (babinksi)

A

Adults: plantarflexion
Newborns-1y/o: dorsiflexion of big toe and fanning of other others
Abnormal: DF of bit toe in patients 1y/o and adults

36
Q

what brain level is asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR)

A

brainstem

37
Q

when does asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) appear

A

birth or first month

38
Q

when is asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) integrated

A

6 months

39
Q

how is asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) elicited

A

in supine, rotate head to one side, wait for response; rotate head to other side and wait for response

40
Q

results of asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR)

A

extension of the arm and leg on the face side, flexion on the skull side (fencer’s pose)

41
Q

what brain level is symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR)

A

brainstem

42
Q

when does symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR) appear

A

1-4 months

43
Q

when is symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR) integrated

A

6-8 months

44
Q

how to elicit symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR)

A

hold or place in prone, then flex or extend the head

45
Q

results symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR)

A

with extension of head, will have arm extension and LE flexion
with head flexion, will have arm flexion and LE extension

46
Q

what brain level is tonic labyrinthine (prone and supine)

A

brainstem

47
Q

when does tonic labyrinthine (prone and supine) appear

A

birth

48
Q

when is tonic labyrinthine (prone and supine) integrated

A

6 months

49
Q

how to elicit tonic labyrinthine (prone and supine)

A

place child in prone or supine

50
Q

results tonic labyrinthine (prone and supine)

A

Prone: flexor tone dominantes
Supine: extensor tone dominates

51
Q

what brain level is landau

A

associated/automatic reaction

52
Q

when does landau appear

A

5-6 months

53
Q

when is landau integrated

A

3 years

54
Q

how to elicit landau

A

supporting thorax, hold child in prone position in space

55
Q

results landau

A

extension of the head, trunk, legs

56
Q

what brain level is neck righting on body (NOB)

A

midbrain

57
Q

when does neck righting on body (NOB) appear

A

34 weeks
Strongest at 4-6 months

58
Q

when is neck righting on body (NOB) integrated

A

5 years

59
Q

how to elicit neck righting on body (NOB)

A

in supine, rotate head to one side

60
Q

results neck righting on body (NOB)

A

body rotates as a whole in the same direction

61
Q

what brain level is body righting on the body (BOB)

A

midbrain

62
Q

when does body righting on the body (BOB) appear

A

34 weeks
Strongest at 6 months

63
Q

when is body righting on the body (BOB) integrated

A

5 years

64
Q

how to elicit body righting on the body (BOB)

A

in supine, rotate head to one side

65
Q

results body righting on the body (BOB)

A

segmental rolling, head turns, then shoulder, then hips to face side

66
Q

what brain level is protective extension down (parachute)

A

associated/automatic reaction

67
Q

when does protective extension down (parachute) appear

A

4 months

68
Q

when is protective extension down (parachute) intregrated

A

will never go away

69
Q

how to elicit protective extension down (parachute)

A

hold child around trunk, lift in space; turn them upside down and move quickly towards the floor

70
Q

results protective extension down (parachute)

A

extension of arms at elbows to protect self

71
Q

what brain level is protective extension (front)

A

associated/automatic reaction

72
Q

when does protective extension (front) appear

A

6-7 months

73
Q

when is protective extension (front) integrated

A

will never go away

74
Q

how to elicit protective extension (front)

A

in sitting, child is pushed forward toward a support surface

75
Q

results protective extension (front)

A

arms extend forward (elbow, wrist, fingers)

76
Q

what brain level is protective extension (side)

A

associated/automatic reaction

77
Q

when does protective extension (side) appear

A

7-8 months

78
Q

when is protective extension (side) integrated

A

will never go away

79
Q

how to elicit protective extension (side)

A

child is placed in sitting and pushed sideways on one shoulder with enough force to displace them

80
Q

results protective extension (side)

A

abduction of the opposite arm with extension of the elbows, wrist, fingers

81
Q

what brain level is protective extension (back)

A

associated/automatic reaction

82
Q

when does protective extension (back) appear

A

9 months

83
Q

when is protective extension (back) integrated

A

will never go away

84
Q

how to elicit protective extension (back)

A

child is placed in sitting and pushed backward

85
Q

results protective extension (back)

A

full reaction is backwards extension of both arms; some trunk rotation may occur (see reaction then in one arm)

PT 641 Peds (16 decks)

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