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BU Anatomy > Pectoral Region and Shoulder > Flashcards

Pectoral Region and Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

Name the four bones involved in shoulder/pectoral region?

A

Sternum, Clavicle, Scapula and Humerus

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2
Q

Name the four joints of the shoulder complex?

A

Sternoclavicular (SC); Acromioclavicular (AC); Glenohumeral and Scapulothoracic*

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3
Q

What are the articular components of the SC joint?

A

Sternal end of the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum

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4
Q

What joint type is the SC joint? Movements possible?

A

Synovial joint - saddle joint; Elevation/Depression plus Protraction/Retraction

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5
Q

How many ligaments associated with SC joint? Names?

A

3 ligaments;
Between the two bones of interest = sternoclavicular lig
Between the two clavicles = interclavicular lig
Between the clavicle and 1st rib = costoclavicular lig

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6
Q

Articular components of the AC joint?

A

Acromion process of scapula and acromial end of clavicle

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7
Q

What joint type is the AC joint?

A

Plane - synovial joint

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8
Q

How many ligaments associated with the AC joint? Names?

A

Only 2? Acromioclavicular ligament and coracoclavicular ligament

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9
Q

Articular components of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Glenoid fossa of scapula and humeral head

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10
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint? Actions?

A

Triaxial - ball and socket synovial joint

ABduction/Adduction; Flexion/Extension; Internal/External rotation

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11
Q

Function of the glenoid labrum?

A

To deepen the glenoid cavity and make a better articulation between humeral head and glenoid fossa

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12
Q

Glenohumeral ligaments is a regional thickening of what structure?

A

The synovial joint capsule!! NB: There is a superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligament

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13
Q

Name the ligaments involved in the glenohumeral joint?

A

Glenohumeral joints - sup./middle/inf.
Coracohumeral - btwn coracoid process and humerus
Coracoacromial - btwn coracoid process and acromion process of scapula
Transverse humeral - btwn greater and lesser tubercle covering the intertubercular groove

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14
Q

What 3 structures contribute to the coracoacromial arch?

A

The coracoid process, the acromion process and the coracoacromial ligament!

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15
Q

What’s the main function of the coracoacromial arch? What tendon passes beneath it?

A

Prevents the superior displacement of the humeral head; tendon of supraspinatus muscle passes beneath arch to insert on superior facet of greater tubercle

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16
Q

Describe scapulohumeral rhythm.

A

The fact that full range of motion of the humerus is not due solely to motion at glenohumeral joint… remainder of motion contributed by scapulothoracic joint

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17
Q

What is the movement ratio between the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints?

A

2:1 so for example in a 180 degree motion 120 degrees of motion was accomplished by GH while 60 was accomplished by ST joints
NB: 0-30 degrees GH joint only
30-180 degrees 2:1 GH and ST joints

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18
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the shoulder include (5)?

A

Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi and then Rhomboid Minor and Major plus Levator Scapulae

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19
Q

Trapezius attachments

A

O: External occipital protuberance, spinous processes of C7-T12

I: Lateral third of clavicle, spine of scapula and acromion process

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20
Q

Trapezius Action

A

Upper: Elevate scapula, upward rotation
Middle: Retraction of scapula
Lower: Depression of scapula, upward rotation

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21
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Accessory nerve (CNXI)

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22
Q

Latissimus Dorsi attachements

A

O: Thoracolumbar fascia and spinous process of T6-T12 and iliac crest
I: Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

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23
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Actions

A

Extension, adduction and medial rotation of humerus

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24
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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25
Q

Rhomboid Minor Attachments

A

Spinous processes of C7-T1

Medial border of scapula

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26
Q

Rhomboid Minor actions

A

Retraction and downward rotation of scapula

27
Q

Rhomboid minor innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) - supraclavicular branch

28
Q

Rhomboid major attachment

A

Spinous process of T2-T5

Medial border of scapula

29
Q

Rhomboid major action

A

Retraction and downward rotation of scapula

30
Q

Rhomboid major innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

31
Q

Levator scapulae attachments

A

transverse process of C1-C4

Superior medial border of scapula

32
Q

Levator scapulae actions

A

Elevation and downward rotation of scapula

33
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

34
Q

Pectoralis major attachments

A

Sternocostal head: sternum and costal cartilages
Clavicular head: Medial half of clavicle
Intertubercular groove of humerus (lateral lip)

35
Q

Pectoralis major action

A

Adduction and Internal rotation of humerus

36
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerve

37
Q

Pectoralis minor attachment

A

Coracoid process

Ribs 3-5

38
Q

Pectoralis minor action

A

Protracts and depresses scapula

39
Q

Pectoralis minor innervation

A

Medial pectoral nerve

40
Q

Serratus Anterior attachments

A

Lateral surface of ribs 1-8

Medial border of scapula

41
Q

Serratus Anterior actions

A

Protraction, upward rotation and holds scapula against thoracic wall

42
Q

Serratus Anterior innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

43
Q

Coracobrachialis attachments

A

Coracoid process of scapula

Medial midshaft of humerus

44
Q

Coracobrachialis Actions

A

Adduction/Flexion of shoulder

45
Q

Coracobrachialis Innervation

A

Musculocutaneous (C5-C7)

46
Q

Deltoid attachments

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

47
Q

Deltoid Actions

A

Anterior: shoulder flexion
Middle: shoulder ABduction
Posterior: shoulder extension

48
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

Axillary (C5-C6)

49
Q

Teres Major attachments

A

Inferior angle of scapula

Intertubercular groove of humerus

50
Q

Teres Major actions

A

Internal rotation of shoulder/ADduction of shoulder

51
Q

Teres Major innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve (Medial Cord)

52
Q

Name the 4 rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

53
Q

Supraspinatus Attachments

A

Supraspinous fossa

Greater tubercle of humerus

54
Q

Infraspinatus Attachments

A

Infraspinous Fossa

Greater tubercle of humerus

55
Q

Teres Minor Attachments

A

Lateral border of scapula

Greater tubercle of humerus

56
Q

Subscapularis Attachments

A

Subscapular fossa

Lesser tubercle of humerus

57
Q

Supraspinatus Action

A

Shoulder ABduction

58
Q

Infraspinatus Action

A

External/Lateral rotation of shoulder

59
Q

Teres Minor Action

A

External/Lateral rotation of shoulder

60
Q

Supraspinatus Innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

61
Q

Infraspinatus Innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

62
Q

Teres Minor Innervation

A

Axillary N. like the Deltoid

63
Q

Subscapularis Innervation

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerve

64
Q

Subscapularis Action

A

Medial/Internal rotation of shoulder

BU Anatomy (15 decks)

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