Hand

Question 1

Name the (2) types of prehension.

Answer 1

Manipulative and Non-manipulative prehension

Question 2

Which type of prehension is more concerned with fine motor skills?

Answer 2

Manipulative prehension - tip-to-tip grip, lateral pinch or palmar pinch

Question 3

The carpal bones articulate with which bones?

Answer 3

The radius and then the metacarpals distal to them

Question 4

How many phalanges in total?

Answer 4

14 phalanges

Question 5

Describe a boxer’s fracture?

Answer 5

Fracture of the 5th metacarpal

Question 6

What types of articulations occur at Carpometacarpal joints (CMC)?

Answer 6

Digits 2-5: Gliding

Thumb: Saddle

Question 7

What articulations occur at MCP/MP joints?

Answer 7

Digits 2-5: Condyloid

Thumb: Hinge

Question 8

The DIP, PIP and IP joint of the thumb are all?

Answer 8

Hinge Joints

Question 9

Flexion/Extension of Digits 2-5 can occur at which all joints?

Answer 9

DIP, PIP and MCP/MP

Question 10

ABduction/ADduction of digits 2-5 occur at which joints of the hand?

Answer 10

MCP/MP joints of hand

Question 11

ABduction/ADduction of the thumb occurs at which joint?

Answer 11

CMC joint

Question 12

Flexion/Extension of thumb occurs at which joint?

Answer 12

CMC, MCP and IP joints

Question 13

Opposition of thumb occurs at which joints?

Answer 13

CMC joint

Question 14

What do the collateral ligaments guard against>

Answer 14

Excessive lateral deviation of the MCP and IP joints

Question 15

What do the volar (palmar) ligaments (plates) guard against?

Answer 15

Hyperextension of the joint and aids in centering the long flexor tendons

Question 16

Where do extrinsic hand muscles have their proximal attachments?

Answer 16

Outside of the hand out in the forearm

Question 17

Which type of prehension are extrinsic hand muscle responsible for?

Answer 17

Non-manipulative prehension

Question 18

Intrinsic hand muscles begin and end where?

Answer 18

The hand

Question 19

Proximal attachment of FDS?

Answer 19

Medial epicondyle of humerus (like other wrist flexors)

Question 20

Distal attachment of FDS?

Answer 20

Base of middle phalanx of digits 2-5

Question 21

Action of FDS?

Answer 21

Flexion of digits 2-5 at the PIP joint

Question 22

Innervation of FDS?

Answer 22

Median nerve

Question 23

Proximal attachments of FDP?

Answer 23

Proximal ulna and Interosseous Membrane

Question 24

Distal attachments of FDP?

Answer 24

Base of distal phalanx of digits 2-5

Question 25

Action of FDP?

Answer 25

Flexion of digits 2-5 at the DIP joints

Question 26

Innervation(s) of FDP?

Answer 26

Medial 1/2 - ulnar n. | Lateral 1/2 - Anterior interosseous nerve

Question 27

Proximal attachment of ED?

Answer 27

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 28

Distal attachment of ED?

Answer 28

Extensor expansion

Question 29

Action of ED?

Answer 29

``` Extension of digits 2-5 at MCP (also IP) ```

Question 30

Innervation of ED?

Answer 30

Posterior interosseous nerve (branch of Radial nerve)

Question 31

Name (2) other extrinsic digit extensors in addition to ED?

Answer 31

Extensor indicis proprius | Extensor digiti minimi

Question 32

Innervations of EIP and EDM?

Answer 32

Posterior interosseous nerve

Question 33

What structure couples the actions of digits 2-5?

Answer 33

Juncturae Tendinum - lateral connections between ED tendons

Question 34

Which structure is responsible for ED's actions on IP joints?

Answer 34

The extensor expansion

Question 35

Proximal attachment of FPL?

Answer 35

Anterior radius

Question 36

Distal attachment of FPL?

Answer 36

Distal phalanx of thumb

Question 37

Action of FPL?

Answer 37

Flexes IP of thumb

Question 38

Innervation of FPL?

Answer 38

Anterior interosseous nerve

Question 39

Proximal attachment of EPL?

Answer 39

Post. distal ulna

Question 40

Distal attachment of EPL?

Answer 40

base of distal phalanx of thumb

Question 41

Action of EPL?

Answer 41

Extends the IP of thumb

Question 42

Innervation of EPL?

Answer 42

Posterior interosseous nerve

Question 43

Attachments of EPB?

Answer 43

Post. distal radius --> base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 44

Actions of EPB?

Answer 44

Extends CMC and MCP joints

Question 45

Innervation of EPB?

Answer 45

Posterior interosseous nerve.

Question 46

Action of ABductor Pollicis Longus?

Answer 46

Abducts thumb at CMC joint

Question 47

Innervation of ABductor Pollicis Longus?

Answer 47

Posterior Interosseous Nerve

Question 48

De Quervain's Tenosynovitis

Answer 48

Inflammation of EPB and APL tendons as they glide over radial styloid process

Question 49

Describe Finklestein's Test?

Answer 49

Hold thumb and perform ulnar deviation of wrist: if pain present then positive for De Quervain's Tenosynovitis

Question 50

Name the muscles included in the thenar musculature?

Answer 50

Opponens pollicis Flexor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Question 51

Innervation of Opponens pollicis?

Answer 51

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Question 52

Innervation of Flexor pollicis brevis?

Answer 52

Recurrent branch of median and ulnar.

Question 53

Innervation of Abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 53

Recurrent branch of median n.

Question 54

Name the muscles included in the hypothenar musculature?

Answer 54

Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi

Question 55

Carpal tunnel syndrome is identifiable because?

Answer 55

Thenar wasting and parasthesias

Question 56

Adductor pollicis action?

Answer 56

Adducts thumb at CMC joint

Question 57

Adductor pollicis innervation?

Answer 57

Ulnar Nerve

Question 58

Lumbricals are special because?

Answer 58

Only muscle to not have any bony attachments | FDP tendons -> Extensor hood

Question 59

Action of lumbricals?

Answer 59

Flex at MP joint but extend DIP/PIP joints

Question 60

Innervation of Lumbricals?

Answer 60

Lumbricals 1/2 - median | Lumbricals 3/4 - Ulnar N.

Question 61

Dorsal Interossei

Answer 61

DAB - do ABduction and Ulnar N. innervation

Question 62

Palmar Interossei

Answer 62

PAD - do ADduction and Ulnar N. innervation

Question 63

Swan Neck Deformity

Answer 63

Volar plates are lax so the PIP joints hyperextend and DIP joints flex

Question 64

Boutonniere Deformit

Answer 64

PIP joint protrudes through central tendon; PIP flexion with DIP extension

Question 65

Mallet Deformity

Answer 65

inability to extend the DIP

Question 66

Tenodesis

Answer 66

phenomenon where extension of the wrist increases distance over which flexors of fingers act