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BU Anatomy > Forearm and Wrist > Flashcards

Forearm and Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

A

Inferior border of teres major

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2
Q

Brachial artery produes a branch that is the deep artery of the arm?

A

Brachial profunda artery

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3
Q

The brachial artery divides again where?

A

Elbow region distal to the cubital fossa

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4
Q

At the elbow, the brachial artery divides into?

A

Ulnar and Radial artery

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5
Q

The ulnar artery divides further into?

A

Anterior and posterior interosseous arteries

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6
Q

Ulnar Artery goes on to supply what structure in the palm?

A

Superficial palmar arch

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7
Q

The superficial palmar arch produces what arteries?

A

Common palmar digital arteries

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8
Q

The common palmar digital arteries split into two what?

A

Proper palmar digital arteries - supply digits

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9
Q

Which artery supplies the DEEP palmar arch?

A

Radial artery

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10
Q

Name the 3 branches to the deep palmar arch?

A

Palmar metacarpal arteries
Princeps pollicis artery
Radialis indicis

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11
Q

Describe the Allen test for collateral circulation.

A

Occlude both radial and ulnar arteries at wrist and then test each side independently and observe rate of refill

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12
Q

Name the (3) branches of median n.

A

Anterior interosseous n.
Palmar cutaneous n.
Recurrent median n.

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13
Q

Name the (2) branches of the radial n.

A

Deep radial n.

Posterior interossesus n.

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14
Q

Name the muscles receiving innervation from the AIN?

A

Radial portion of FDP
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Pronator quadratus

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15
Q

What innervates the skin of the central palm?

A

Palmar cutaneous branch of the Median Nerve

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16
Q

Innervation of the thenar muscles?

A

Recurrent branch of the median n.

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17
Q

Where does the radial nerve divide?

A

Cubital fossa

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18
Q

Name the (2) divisions of the radial n.?

A

Deep radial N.

Superficial sensory N.

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19
Q

Name the muscles supplied by the deep radial N.?

A

Supinator

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

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20
Q

The posterior interosseous nerve is actually a continuation of which branch of the radial nerve?

A

The deep branch of the radial n.

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21
Q

Which spinal cord segments does Biceps Reflex Testing assess?

A

C5-C6

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22
Q

Name the proximal row of carpal bones? (Lat->Med)

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform

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23
Q

Name the distal row of carpal bones? (Med-> Lat)

A

Hamate, Capitate, Trapezoid and Trapezium

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24
Q

The pisiform carpal bone is only visible from which position of the hand?

A

The Palmar (anterior view)

25
Q

Colles’ Fracture is what type of radius fracture?

A

DORSAL displacement of distal fragment

26
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for a Colles’ fracture?

A

FOOSH

27
Q

Smith fractures are what exactly?

A

PALMAR displacement of distal radius fragment

28
Q

MOI of a Smith fracture?

A

Fall on dorsum of hand with wrist flexion

29
Q

Name the articulations of the wrist joint (3)?

A

Radiocarpal, Midcarpal and Distal Radioulnar Joint

30
Q

Which bones are involved in radiocarpal joint?

A

Radius and Scaphoid/Lunate

31
Q

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

A

Condyloid - biaxial

F/E and ADd/ABduction

32
Q

Which bones are involved in the midcarpal joint?

A

Both proximal and distal row carpals

33
Q

What type joint is the midcarpal joint?

A

Plane - synovial joint

Gliding motions

34
Q

Classify the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Pivot type -synovial joint

Sup/Pronation

35
Q

Describe the functions of the retinaculums.

A

Prevent bowstringing of tendons

36
Q

Location of the flexor retinaculum?

A

On the anterior side above the carpal arch

37
Q

Locate the radial collateral ligament.

A

On the volar surface;

protects against excessive ulnar deviation

38
Q

Locate the ulnar collateral ligament.

A

On the dorsal surface;

protects against excessive radial deviation

39
Q

Name the structures contributing to the carpal tunnel.

A

Flexor retinaculum - forms the roof

Carpal arch forms the floor

40
Q

Contents of the carpal tunnel include…?

A

Median N.
Tendons of FDP
Tendons of FDS
Tendon of FPL

41
Q

F/E and ABduction/ADduction occur at which joints?

A

Radiocarpal and Midcarpal joints

42
Q

Name 3 extensors of the wrist?

A

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

43
Q

Name 2 flexors of the wrist?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi radialis

44
Q

What is the common proximal attachment for extensors of the wrist?

A

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

45
Q

Name the distal attachment for ECRL?

A

Base of 2nd Metacarpal

46
Q

Name the distal attachment for ECRB?

A

Base of 3rd Metacarpal

47
Q

Name the distal attachment for ECU?

A

Base of 5th Metacarpal

48
Q

Innervation of ECU?

A

Posterior Interosseous Nerve

49
Q

Innervation of ECRB?

A

Deep radial N.

50
Q

Innervation of ECRL?

A

Radial N.

51
Q

Lateral epicondylitis

A

Repeated forceful flexion/extension strains attachment of common extensor tendon

52
Q

Flexors of the wrist share which common proximal attachment?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

53
Q

Distal attachment of FCR?

A

Base of 2nd Metacarpal

54
Q

Distal attachment of FCU?

A

Base of 5th Metacarpal and Pisiform

55
Q

Distal attachment of Palmaris Longus?

A

Palmar Aponeurosis/Fascia

56
Q

Innervation of FCR and Palmaris Longus?

A

Median N.

57
Q

Innervation of FCU?

A

Ulnar N.

58
Q

Dupuytren’s Contracture

A

benign, slowly progressive condition causing contracture of palmar fascia

BU Anatomy (15 decks)

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