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GROSS ANATOMY > Pectoral Girdle and Shoulder Joint > Flashcards

Pectoral Girdle and Shoulder Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What are the features of the scapula (ANTERIOR) L-M

A
  • Coracoid process
  • glenoid cavity
  • subscapular fossa
  • medial border
  • superior angle
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2
Q

what are the features of the scapula (POSTERIOR) L-M

A

Sup.
- acromion
- spine of scapula
- supraspinous fossa
Inf.
- infraspinous fossa
- inferior angle
- medial border

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3
Q

What ligaments attach to the lesser tubercle of the humerus

A

superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments

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4
Q

what ligament attaches to the greater tubercle of the humerus

A

coracohumeral ligament

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5
Q

where is the transverse humeral ligament located and what is its function

A
  • located between greater and lesser tubercles
  • it holds biceps tendon in place
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6
Q

what is a bursa

A
  • synovial pockets
  • may be in communication with joint
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7
Q

what ligaments connect the clavicle to the scapula

A
  • acromioclavicular ligament
  • coracoclavicular ligament
  • coracoclavicular ligament
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8
Q

what are the 2 parts of the coracoclavicular ligaments

A
  • conoid
  • trapezoid
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9
Q

what ligaments are between the manubrium and the clavicle synovial saddle joint

A
  • anterior sternoclavicular ligament
  • posterior sternoclavicular ligament
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10
Q

where does the costoclavicular ligament go to

A

-1st rib
- interclavicular ligament between clavicles

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11
Q

what passes through the quadrangular space

A
  • axillary nerve
  • posterior circumflex humeral artery
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12
Q

what passes through the triangular space

A
  • radial nerve
  • profunda brachii artery
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13
Q

describe the pectoralis major

A

Attachment
- clavicle
- costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
- sternum
Insertion:
- outer lip of bicipital groove of humerus
Function:
- flexion & adduction of arm
- medial rotation of humerus
Innveration:
- medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)
- lateral pectoral nerve (C5-7)
- from brachial plexus

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14
Q

describe the pectoralis minor

A

Attachment:
- 3-5 ribs
Insertion:
- coracoid process of scapula
Function:
- pulls shoulder anterior and inferior
- can elevate ribs
Innervation:
- medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1) from brachial plexus

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15
Q

describe the serratus anterior

A

Attachment:
- outer surface of upper 8 ribs
Insertion:
- medial border of scapula
Function:
- Protraction of scapula
Innervation:
- long thoracic nerve (C5-7) from brachial plexus

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16
Q

describe the trapezius

A

Attachment:
- superior nuchal line
- nucha ligament
- SP. C7-T12
Insertion:
- lateral third of clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
Function:
ascending part - depress scapula
transverse part - retracts scapula
descending part - elevate scapula, rotates glenoid cavity
Innervation:
- spinal accessory nerve (CN9, motor)
- cervical plexus C3-4 (pain)

17
Q

describe the latissimus dorsi

A

Attachment:
- ilium
- thoracolumbar fascia
- SP. lower 6 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion:
- floor of bicipital groove of humerus
Function:
- extension, medial rotation, adduction of arm
Innervation:
- thoracodorsal nerve
- post. cord brachial plexus (C6-8)

18
Q

describe the levator scapulae

A

Attachment:
- transverse process of atlas and axis
- 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae
Insertion:
- medial scapular border between sup. angle and medial end of scapular spine
Function:
- control scapular position
- elevate shoulder
- can laterally flex neck to same side
Innervation:
- direct C3-5 via dorsal scapular nerve

19
Q

Describe the rhomboids (maj. and min.)

A

Attachment
Major:
- from 2-5 thoracic spines
Minor:
- nuchal ligament
- C7-T1 thoracic spine
Insertion:
Major:
- medial border of scapula
Minor:
- medial end of spine of scapula
Function:
- retraction of scapula
Innervation:
- dorsal scapular nerve C4-5

20
Q

describe the deltoid

A

Attachment:
- lateral 1/3 clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
Insertion:
- deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Function:
- abduction of the arm from 10-110 degrees (middle fibres)
- extension and lateral rotation of arm (posterior fibres)
- flexion and medial rotation of arm (anterior fibres)
Innervation:
- axillary nerve (C5,6) posterior cord brachial plexus

21
Q

describe the teres major

A

Attachment:
- lateral border of scapula (lower 1/3 posterior)
Insertion:
- medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
Function:
- adduction and medial rotation of arm
Innervation:
- subscapular branch posterior cord brachial plexus (lower C5-6)

22
Q

describe the subclavius

A

Attachment:
- sternal end of 1st rib
Insertion:
- middle 1/3 of underside of clavicle
Function:
- draws clavicle down and slightly forward during abduction
Innervation:
- nerve to subclavius (C5,6)

23
Q

What is the rotator cuff

A
  • 4 muscles that keep head of humerus in glenoid cavity of scapula
  • prevent dislocation from very shallow joint
24
Q

what muscles are present in the rotator cuff

A
  • subscapularis
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
25
Q

describe the subscapularis

A

Attachment:
- subscapular fossa (ant. scapula)
Insertion:
- lesser tubercle of humerus
Function:
- medially rotate arm
Innervation:
- upper & lower subscapular nerves (C5-7) from posterior cord of brachial plexus

26
Q

describe the supraspinatus

A

Attachment:
- supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion:
- greater tubercle of humerus (upper facet)
Function:
- abducts arm first 10-15 degrees
Innervation:
- suprascapular nerve C5,6 from sup. trunk of brachial plexus

27
Q

describe the infraspinatus

A

Attachment:
- infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion:
- greater tubercle of humerus (middle facet)
Function:
- Lateral rotation of arm
Innervation:
- suprascapular nerve C5,6 from sup. trunk of brachial plexus

28
Q

describe the teres minor

A

Attachment:
- upper 2/3 lateral border of scapula
Insertion:
- greater tubercle of humerus (lower facet)
Function:
- lateral rotation of arm
Innervation:
- axillary nerve (C5,6) branch post. cord of brachial plexus

GROSS ANATOMY (16 decks)

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