Pectoral Girdle and Shoulder Joint Flashcards
What are the features of the scapula (ANTERIOR) L-M
- Coracoid process
- glenoid cavity
- subscapular fossa
- medial border
- superior angle
what are the features of the scapula (POSTERIOR) L-M
Sup.
- acromion
- spine of scapula
- supraspinous fossa
Inf.
- infraspinous fossa
- inferior angle
- medial border
What ligaments attach to the lesser tubercle of the humerus
superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments
what ligament attaches to the greater tubercle of the humerus
coracohumeral ligament
where is the transverse humeral ligament located and what is its function
- located between greater and lesser tubercles
- it holds biceps tendon in place
what is a bursa
- synovial pockets
- may be in communication with joint
what ligaments connect the clavicle to the scapula
- acromioclavicular ligament
- coracoclavicular ligament
- coracoclavicular ligament
what are the 2 parts of the coracoclavicular ligaments
- conoid
- trapezoid
what ligaments are between the manubrium and the clavicle synovial saddle joint
- anterior sternoclavicular ligament
- posterior sternoclavicular ligament
where does the costoclavicular ligament go to
-1st rib
- interclavicular ligament between clavicles
what passes through the quadrangular space
- axillary nerve
- posterior circumflex humeral artery
what passes through the triangular space
- radial nerve
- profunda brachii artery
describe the pectoralis major
Attachment
- clavicle
- costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
- sternum
Insertion:
- outer lip of bicipital groove of humerus
Function:
- flexion & adduction of arm
- medial rotation of humerus
Innveration:
- medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)
- lateral pectoral nerve (C5-7)
- from brachial plexus
describe the pectoralis minor
Attachment:
- 3-5 ribs
Insertion:
- coracoid process of scapula
Function:
- pulls shoulder anterior and inferior
- can elevate ribs
Innervation:
- medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1) from brachial plexus
describe the serratus anterior
Attachment:
- outer surface of upper 8 ribs
Insertion:
- medial border of scapula
Function:
- Protraction of scapula
Innervation:
- long thoracic nerve (C5-7) from brachial plexus
describe the trapezius
Attachment:
- superior nuchal line
- nucha ligament
- SP. C7-T12
Insertion:
- lateral third of clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
Function:
ascending part - depress scapula
transverse part - retracts scapula
descending part - elevate scapula, rotates glenoid cavity
Innervation:
- spinal accessory nerve (CN9, motor)
- cervical plexus C3-4 (pain)
describe the latissimus dorsi
Attachment:
- ilium
- thoracolumbar fascia
- SP. lower 6 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion:
- floor of bicipital groove of humerus
Function:
- extension, medial rotation, adduction of arm
Innervation:
- thoracodorsal nerve
- post. cord brachial plexus (C6-8)
describe the levator scapulae
Attachment:
- transverse process of atlas and axis
- 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae
Insertion:
- medial scapular border between sup. angle and medial end of scapular spine
Function:
- control scapular position
- elevate shoulder
- can laterally flex neck to same side
Innervation:
- direct C3-5 via dorsal scapular nerve
Describe the rhomboids (maj. and min.)
Attachment
Major:
- from 2-5 thoracic spines
Minor:
- nuchal ligament
- C7-T1 thoracic spine
Insertion:
Major:
- medial border of scapula
Minor:
- medial end of spine of scapula
Function:
- retraction of scapula
Innervation:
- dorsal scapular nerve C4-5
describe the deltoid
Attachment:
- lateral 1/3 clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
Insertion:
- deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Function:
- abduction of the arm from 10-110 degrees (middle fibres)
- extension and lateral rotation of arm (posterior fibres)
- flexion and medial rotation of arm (anterior fibres)
Innervation:
- axillary nerve (C5,6) posterior cord brachial plexus
describe the teres major
Attachment:
- lateral border of scapula (lower 1/3 posterior)
Insertion:
- medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
Function:
- adduction and medial rotation of arm
Innervation:
- subscapular branch posterior cord brachial plexus (lower C5-6)
describe the subclavius
Attachment:
- sternal end of 1st rib
Insertion:
- middle 1/3 of underside of clavicle
Function:
- draws clavicle down and slightly forward during abduction
Innervation:
- nerve to subclavius (C5,6)
What is the rotator cuff
- 4 muscles that keep head of humerus in glenoid cavity of scapula
- prevent dislocation from very shallow joint
what muscles are present in the rotator cuff
- subscapularis
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
