Muscles of the Back Flashcards
where do the superficial extrinsic muscles connect
appendicular skeleton
what are the intermediate extrinsic muscles
superficial respiratory muscles
what are the features of the trapezius
Attachment:
- medial 1/3 superior nuchal line
- nuchal ligament
- spinous process C7-T12
Insertion:
- lateral clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
Innervation:
- spinal accessory (XI)
what are the features of the latissimus dorsi
Attachment:
- spinous processes T7-12
- thoracolumbar fascia
- iliac crest
- lower 3/4 ribs
Insertion:
- edge of bicipital groove of humerus
Innervation:
- thoracodorsal nerve (C6-8)
what are the features of the rhomboid major
Attachment:
- Spinous processes T2-5
Insertion:
- Medial border scapula
Innervation:
- Dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)
what are the features of the rhomboid minor
Attachment:
- nuchal ligament
- spinous processes C7-T1
Insertion:
- medial end of spine of scapula
Innervation:
- dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)
what are the features of the levator scapulae
Attachment:
- posterior tubercles transverse processes C1-4
Insertion:
- medial border of scapula above spine
Innervation:
- cervical nerves C3,4
- dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)
what are the features of the serratus posterior superior
Attachment:
- nuchal ligament
- spinous processes C7-T3
Insertion:
- superior borders ribs 2-4
Innervation
- intercostal nerves 2-5
what are the features of the serratus posterior inferior
Attachment:
- spinous processes T11-L2
Insertion:
- inferior borders ribs 8-12 near angle
Innervation:
- ant. rami T9-12
what are the functions of the deep back muscles (intrinsic muscles of the back)
- maintain posture
- control movements of vertebral column
describe the splenius capitis
- superficial intrinsic muscle
Attachment: - nuchal ligament and spinous processes (C7-T3/4)
Insertion: - mastoid process
- lateral 1/3 sup. nuchal line
describe the splenius cervicis
- superficial intrinsic muscle
Attachment: - nuchal ligament and spinous processes (C7-T3/4)
Insertion: - tubercles of transverse processes C1-3/4
what are the 3 intermediate intrinsic muscles
Erector spinae muscles (lat. - med.)
- Iliocostalis
- longissimus
- spinalis
what is the comment proximal attachment of the erector spinae muscles
- post. iliac crest
- post. sacrum and sacroiliac ligaments
- sp. processes of sacral & lower lumber vertebrae
- supraspinous ligament
describe the iliocostalis
- lumborum, thoracis, cervicis parts
Insertion: - angles of lower ribs
- cervical transverse processes
describe the longissimus
- thoracis, cervicis, capitis parts
Insertion: - ribs between tubercles and angles
- thoracic and cervical transverse processes
- mastoid process
describe the spinalis
- thoracis, cervicis, capitis parts
Insertion: - upper thoracic spinous processes
- cranium
OFTEN POORLY DEVELOPED
What are the deep intrinsic muscles
- semispinalis
- multifidus
- rotatores
- levator costarum
- interspinale
- intertransversari
describe the semispinalis
- thoracis, cervicis, capitis parts
Attachment: - transverse processes C4-T12
Insertion: - occipital bone
- thoracic and cervical spinous processes
describe the multifidus
- thickest in lumbar region
- lie on top of rotatores
- fibres pass superomedially to spinous processes 2-4 vertebrae above
describe the rotatores
- well developed in thoracic region
- lie below multifidus
- fibres pass superomedially to junction of lamina and transverse process 1/2 vertebrae above
where are the levator costarum muscles located
in the thoracic region
describe the interspinale muscles
- well developed in cervical and lumber regions
describe the intertransversarii muscles
- well developed in cervical and lumbar regions
