Pec and axillary region

Question 1

What area does breast tissue cover?

Answer 1

axilla to sternum ribs 2-6 usually, anterior to pec major and contained within the superficial fascia

Question 2

What are some muscles and nerves contained within the superficial fascia of the pec region?

Answer 2

platysma-muscle of facial expression
supraclavicular nerve-skin of 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces
intercostal n-innervation of other skin

Question 3

What is the breast composed of?

Answer 3

lactiferous ducts and their associated mammary glands (15-20), adipose tissue

Question 4

What is the clinical significance of the retromammary space? what is it?

Answer 4

the retromammary space is the space between breast tissue and pec major. tumors occur here

Question 5

What supplies blood to the breast tissue?

Answer 5

lateral thoracic a, intercostal a, internal thoracic a.

Question 6

how does lymph flow in the breast tissue?

Answer 6

subareolar lymph nodes –> pectoral nodes –> axillary nodes 75%

subareolar nodes –> infraclavicular, parasternal, contralateral and abdominal lymph nodes 25% (causes liver metastisis

Question 7

What nerve innervates the pectoralis major? pecoralis minor?

Answer 7

medial and lateral pectoral n.

medial pectoral n.

Question 8

What is the function of the pec major?

Answer 8

medial rotation/adduction of humerus

Question 9

what is the function of pec minor?

Answer 9

depress and downward rotation of scapula

Question 10

What are the boundaries for the axilla? (pyramid with top cut off

Answer 10

apex-clavicle, scapula, first rib
base-skin/fascia
posterior wall-scapula, subscapularis, teres major, lats
anterior wall-clavical, pecs
medial wall-ribs, intercostal m, serratus anterior
lateral wall-intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Question 11

What is contained in the axilla?

Answer 11

brachial plexus
axillary a/v
axillary lymph node
muscle tendons

Question 12

What are the branches of the axillary artery? (Steven taylor likes singing and parting

Answer 12

superior thoracic
thoracoacromial trunk
lateral thoracic 
subscapular
anterior circumflex humeral
posterior circumflex humeral

Question 13

What branches are a associated are in the first part of the axillary artery

Answer 13

superior thoracic

Question 14

what branches are associated with the second part of the axillary artery?

Answer 14

thoracoacromial trunk, lateral thoracic a

Question 15

What branches are associated with the 3rd part of the axillary a.

Answer 15

subscapular a, anterior/posterior circumflex humeral

Question 16

Describe lymphatic drainage in the axillary region

Answer 16

subscapular, pectoral, and lateral nodes all drain to central that then drains to apical