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MSK Final > All muscles, innervations, actions, and what happens if a nerve sucks > Flashcards

All muscles, innervations, actions, and what happens if a nerve sucks Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

A

CNXI accessory spinal n.

elevate, retract, and upward rotation of scapula

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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A 
thoracodorsal n.
-extend humerus
-adduct humerus
-medially rotate humerus
(like swimming stroke
prevents upward displacement of shoulder while hanging
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3
Q

Levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular n., cervical spinal n

elevate/downward rotation of scapla

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4
Q

rhomboid major

A

dorsal scapular n.

retract, elevate downward rotation of scapula

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5
Q

rhomboid minor

A

dorsal scapular n

retract, elevate, downward rotation of scapula

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6
Q

serratus anterior

A

long thoracic n.

protract scapula, upward rotation of scapula

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7
Q

deltoid

A

axillary n
anterior fibers: flex, medial rotation humerus
middle fibers: arm abduction
posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate humerus

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8
Q

supraspinatus

A

suprascapular n.
assists in abduction
-lateral rotation of humerus

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9
Q

infraspinatus

A

suprascapular n.

lateral rotation of humerus

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10
Q

teres minor

A

axillary n

lateral rotation of humerus

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11
Q

subscapularis

A

upper and lower subscapular n.

medial rotation/stabilize glenohumeral something

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12
Q

teres major

A

lower subscapular n.

adduction, medial rotation, extension of humerus

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13
Q

serratus posterior inferior/superior

A

anterior rami of spinal nerves of brachial plexus

proprioception, assist with respiration

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14
Q

splenius capitis

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves
Unilateral: rotate to ipsilateral side, flex neck
bilateral: extend head

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15
Q

splenius cervicis

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves
Unilateral: rotate to ipsilateral side, flex neck
bilateral: extend head

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16
Q

iliocostalis (cervicis, thoracis, lumborum)

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves
Unilaterally: laterally flex
bilateral: extend vertebral column and head

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17
Q

longissimus

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves
Unilaterally: laterally flex
bilateral: extend vertebral column and head

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18
Q

spinalis

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves
Unilaterally: laterally flex
bilateral: extend vertebral column and head

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19
Q

semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis)

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves
most superficial
extend, rotate contralaterally, stabilize

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20
Q

multifidus

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

stabilize vertebrae

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21
Q

rotatores

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

stabilize vertebrae, assist with rotation

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22
Q

interspinales

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

extension/rotation of vertebrae

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23
Q

intertransversarii

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

lateral flexion, stabilization

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24
Q

levatores costarum

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

elevate ribs to assist with respiration

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25
Q

rectus capitis posterior major and minor

A

suboccipital n. posterior rami of C1
extension of head
ipsilateral rotation of head

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26
Q

oblique capitis superior

A

suboccipital n. posterior rami of C1
extension of head
lateral flexion of head

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27
Q

oblique capitis inferior

A

suboccipital n. posterior rami of C1

ipsilateral rotation of head

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28
Q

coracobrachialis

A

musculocutaneous n.
flex humerus
adduct humerus

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29
Q

biceps brachii

A

musculocutaneous n.
flex elbow
supinate forearm
weak shoulder flexor

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30
Q

brachialis

A

musculocutaneous n

flex elbow

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31
Q

triceps brachii

A

radial n.

extend elbow

32
Q

pronator teres

A

median n.
pronate forearm
flex elbow

33
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar n.
flex wrist
adduct wrist

34
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

median n.
flex wrist
abduct wrist

35
Q

palmaris longus

A

median n.
flex wrist
tense aponeurosis

36
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median n.

flex digits at proximal IPJ and MCP (attaches to middle phalange)

37
Q

pronator quadratus

A

anterior interosseous branch ofmedian n.

pronates forearm

38
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A

anterior interosseous branch branch of median n.

flex thumb

39
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

Digit 4-5 ulnar n, digit 2-3 anterior interosseous branch of median n.
attaches to distal phalange so flexes finger there

40
Q

What occurs if you damage the accessory spinal nerve?

A

trapezius is paralyzed

patient is weak to shrug/elevate shoulders against resistance

41
Q

What nerve is injured if the patient is unable to shrug shoulders against resistance?

A

accessory spinal n nerve (trapezius)

42
Q

What occurs if you damage the thoracodorsal n.?

A

latissimus dorsi paralyzed
unable to pull body up (like climbing or pullup)
cannot use crutches because it displaces shoulder too far superiorly

43
Q

What nerve is injured if a patient is unable to pull up their bodyweight and their shoulders get displaced superiorly if using crutches? What is the most common cause of an injury to this nerve?

A

thoracodorsal n.

vulnerable to surgery due to its location

44
Q

What occurs if you damage the long thoracic nerve?

A

serratus anterior paralized

causes scapula to move laterally and posteriorly and has a “wing like” appearance

45
Q

Your patient was in a knife/gun fight has a wing like scapula, he is also unable to abduct past horizontal, what nerve is injured?

A

long thoracic nerve (serratus anterior paralized)

46
Q

What occurs if the suprascapular n is injured?

A

drop sign, patient cant do controlled adduction due to lack of innervation of supraspinatus and infraspinatus
probably cant laterally rotate either, maybe have instability

47
Q

A patient has drop sign and cant control their adduction, what nerve is injured?

A

suprascapular n. (supraspinatus and infraspinatus)

48
Q

What occurs if the axillary n is damaged? What is a common cause of this?

A

deltoid atrophy, weak deltoid movements

caused by dislocations/fractures

49
Q

A patient has an atrophied flat looking deltoid, what nerve is injured?

A

axillary (deltoid fucked)

50
Q

What occurs if the dorsal scapular n is injured?

A

rhomboids are useless

scapula on affected side moves further from midline (because rhomboids cant keep it in place

51
Q

A patient comes in with one scapula further from midline, what nerve is injured?

A

dorsal scapular n. (rhomboids weak)

52
Q

pectoralis major

A

medial and lateral pectoral n

adduct and medially rotate humerus

53
Q

pectoralis minor

A

medial pectoral n.

depress/downward rotate scapula

54
Q

brachioradialis

A

radial n.

weak arm flexion, best when pronated

55
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

radial n.

extend wrist, abduct wrist

56
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

deep radial n.

extend wrist, abduct wrist

57
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

deep radial n.

extends MJP and IPJ

58
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

deep radial n.
extend wrist
adduct wrist

59
Q

extensor digiti minimi

A

deep radial n

makes you fancy (extend pink at MJP and IPJ

60
Q

supinator

A

deep radial n

supinate forearm

61
Q

abductor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous n.

abduct thumb, extends at CM joint

62
Q

extensor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous nradial n

extend distal phalanx of thumb and IPJ and MPJ joints

63
Q

extensor pollicis brevis

A

posterior interosseousnradial n.

extend proximal phalanx of thumb at MPJ, extends CM joint

64
Q

extensor indicis

A

posterior interosseous radial n

extend point finger, assists in wrist extension

65
Q

What nerve is damaged if you fracture the surgical neck of the humerus?

A

axillary n.

causes deltoid and quadrangular space atrophy

66
Q

What nerve is damaged if you fracture the spiral groove of the humerus?

A

radial, causes wrist drop

67
Q

abductor pollicis brevis

A

recurrent branch of median n.

abduct thumb

68
Q

opponens pollicis

A

recurrent branch of median n.

opposition of thumb

69
Q

flexor pollicis brevis (2 heads)

A

recurrent branch of median n (superficial head)
deep ulnar n. (deep head)
flex thumb

70
Q

adductor pollicis (2 heads)

A

transverse and oblique heads
deep ulnar n.
adduction of thumb

71
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

ulnar n.

flex pinky

72
Q

opponens digiti minimi

A

ulnar n

opposition

73
Q

lumbricals

A

deep ulnar n.
flexion of MCP when flexed
extension when extended

74
Q

palmar interossei (3)

A

deep ulnar n.

PAD

75
Q

dorsal interossei (4)

A

deep ulnar n.

DAB

MSK Final (15 decks)

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