PCP Exam Review

Question 0

Short term goal

Answer 0

Individual, segmented steps towards a long term goal

Question 1

How to document error in SOAP note

Answer 1

Draw a single line through the error and initial and date.

Question 2

Long term goal

Answer 2

Functional capacities a pt will achieve by discharge from PT

Question 3

SOAP

Answer 3

Subjective, objective, assessment, plan

Question 4

Subjective

Answer 4

Refers to info the pt, family member, caretaker, or other healthcare providers report

Question 5

Objective

Answer 5

Verifiable data - tests or measurements which can be reproducible (someone else can perform same tests and obtain same results) - includes observations and interventions

Question 6

Assessment

Answer 6

Professional opinions; assess quality of exercise; progress towards goals

Summary of subjective and objective

Question 7

Plan

Answer 7

What will be done over the next session(s); specific about progressing patient to goal

Question 8

Goal criteria: Detailed

Answer 8

ABCDFT

Audience, Behavior, Conditions, Degree, Function, Time

Question 9

Goal Setting - Simplified

Answer 9

Pt Centered - one task per goal
Functional
Measurable - include time frame

Question 10

ADs - most stable to least stable

Answer 10

Parallel bars
Walker
Hemiwalker
Axillary crutches
Loftstrand crutches
Two canes
One cane (LBQC, SBQC, Straight)

Question 11

Types of walkers

Answer 11

Standard walker
Rolling Walker
Stair climbing walker - angled handles
Ring walker - trunk support (infants)
Reciprocal walker - children
Reverse walker - pediatrics
Platform walker - PWB, NWB of UE

Question 12

AD - least to most coordination

Answer 12

Parallel bars
Walker
One cane
Two canes
Axillary crutches
Loftstrand crutches - need good UB control

Question 13

Adjusting crutches

Answer 13

• Stand with crutches 6” lat, 2” ant to toes
• 2 finger width btwn top of crutches and axilla
• elbow flexion 20-30 degrees
• adjust Axillary area first

Question 14

Adjust cane/walker

Answer 14

• hand grip level with pts ulnar styloid process

- elbow flexed 20-30 degrees

Question 15

Weight bearing status

Answer 15

FWB - Full weight bearing 
PWB - Partial weight bearing
NWB - Non weight bearing
WBAT - Weight bearing as tolerated
TTWB - Toe touch weight bearing

Question 16

Gait Patterns

Answer 16

Two point
Three point
Four point
Swing to
Swing through

Question 17

2-point gait

Answer 17

• Move 1 AD and 1 LE simultaneously, then other AD and other LE simultaneously
• Move 2 ADs simultaneously, then 1 or both LEs simultaneously
• Walker and NWB: Move walker forward as balance on uninvolved LE, then shift weight into walker and move forward on uninvolved LE

Question 18

3-point Gait

Answer 18

• Move crutches/cane forward, then involved leg even with crutch/cane tip, then uninvolved LE forward to or past tips
• Walker: walker, involved LE, uninvolved LE

Question 19

4-point gait

Answer 19

• 1 AD, 1 LE, other AD, other LE

- can do with crutches

Question 20

Swing to

Answer 20

Move AD forward, bring both LE to same point as AD

Question 21

Swing through

Answer 21

Move AD, then bring both LE beyond tips

Question 22

Loftstrand crutches - how to fit

Answer 22

Handgrip at Ulnar Styloid

Cuff inferior to elbow

Question 23

Purpose of using ADs

Answer 23

• provides support
• improves balance
• redistributed weight bearing
• increases BOS - larger BOS for pt COG to shift without LOB

Question 24

Tilt table

Answer 24

Device user to help pt adjust to positional changes and BP response - use especially for people with orthostatic hypotension - helps re accommodate to upright position without dizziness

Question 25

Types of w/c

Answer 25

Manual - pt moves themselves Power - battery powered Standard Transport - smaller wheels, designed for small distance

Question 26

Frame variations of w/c

Answer 26

Folding - cross bars under seat | Rigid - no cross bars, lower back

Question 27

Reclining w/c

Answer 27

Reclining - seat to back changes as reclines | Tilt in space - maintains same seat to back angle in tilted position

Question 28

Pelvic Belt

Answer 28

Keeps pt angled at 90 degrees in w/c to allow for active anterior tilt

Question 29

Forward approach (w/c)

Answer 29

Patient faces forward when descending curb - normally SCI - w/c usually has camber wheels - do "wheelie" to tilt chair back and gently roll wheels off curb

Question 30

Normal w/c depth, height

Answer 30

Seat depth - 16" Seat width - 18" Seat height - 20" Avg width rim to rim - 26"

Question 31

Measuring seat depth

Answer 31

- pt sits 90-90 - posterior pelvis to popliteal fossa - subtract 2-3" If depth too deep Promotes sacral sitting/slouching If depth too shallow Discomfort, does not support thigh well

Question 32

Measuring seat width

Answer 32

- pt in alignment - widest aspect of hips/thigh - add 2" (1" for each side) ``` If too wide Hard to propel, can't reach wheels, may bounce side to side If too narrow Difficult to transfer in/out of w/c Skin breakdown ```

Question 33

Measure back height

Answer 33

- pt in alignment - vertically from seat to inferior angle of scapula - Add cushion height If too high Restrict UE movements If too low Improve mobility, but not enough trunk stability

Question 34

Measuring armrest

Answer 34

- Upper arm against side of chest, elbow flexed to 90 degrees - Seat to pt forearm - add cushion If too high Difficulty moving because arm too high If too low Promotes slouching

Question 35

Measuring legrest

Answer 35

- leg straight - Popliteal fossa to sole of heel - subtract cushioning If too long Promoted slouching/sacral sitting If too short Posterior tilt, increased pressure on ischial tuberosity and coccyx

Question 36

Measuring footplate

Answer 36

Horizontal distance from calcaneus to base of 1st metatarsal If too large Interfere with chair maneuverability If too short Foot goes into plantar flexion

Question 37

ADA

Answer 37

- American Disabilities Act | - Eliminates discrimination against those with disabilities

Question 38

ADA Measurements

Answer 38

Door width - no less than 32" Toilet - 17-19" ht Ramp - 1" rise: 1 foot ramp run (1:12 ratio) Turn radius for w/c: min of 60" for 180 degree turn