05-07: Coordination

Question 1

Coordination

Answer 1

• Ability to execute smooth, accurate, controlled movement

- Requires muscles activating at the right timing and sequence as well as with appropriate amount of force

Question 2

Akinesia

Answer 2

Inability to initiate movement

Question 3

Apraxia

Answer 3

Inability to perform purposeful learned movements

Question 4

Athetosis

Answer 4

Involuntary movements combined with instability of posture; peripheral movements occur without central stability (slow, writhing, wormlike)

Question 5

Bradykinesia

Answer 5

Very slow movements

Question 6

Dystonia

Answer 6

Large axial muscle involuntary movements

Question 7

Hemiballism

Answer 7

Involuntary and violent movement of large body parts on one side of body

Question 8

Kinesthestia

Answer 8

Ability to perceive the direction and extent of movement of a body part or joint

Question 9

Perseveration

Answer 9

Repeatedly performing the same segment of a task or repeatedly saying the same thing

Question 10

Synergy

Answer 10

Mass movement patterns that are primitive in nature and coupled with spasticity

Question 11

Asthenia

Answer 11

Generalized lack of strength

Question 12

Diadochokinesia

Answer 12

Rapid alternating movements

Question 13

Ataxia

Answer 13

Inability to perform coordinated movements; drunken sailor appearance

Question 14

Dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 14

Inability to perform rapid alternating movements

Question 15

Dysmetria

Answer 15

Over-shooting or undershooting (can judge distance, but cannot place at distance); may reach for a pen and miss, for example

Question 16

Proprioception

Answer 16

Ability to perceive the static posture or position of a joint or body part

Question 17

Swaying

Answer 17

Back and forth movement in standing

Question 18

Nystagmus

Answer 18

Rhythmic, quick, oscillatory, back and forth movement of eyes

Question 19

Abarognosis

Answer 19

Inability to differentiate from weight of objects

Question 20

Intention tremors

Answer 20

Tremor is present when performing a movement (absent at rest)

Question 21

Resting Tremor

Answer 21

Tremor is present when performing at rest (diminished or absent with movement)

Question 22

Postural tremor

Answer 22

Tremor of trunk

Question 23

Essential tremor

Answer 23

Genetic tremor; no reason to have it, just do

Question 24

Arbitrary Coordination Scale

Answer 24

4 = normal performance is demonstrated
3 = min impairment: Able to accomplish activity; slightly less than normal control, speed and steadiness
2 = mod impairment: Able to accomplish activity; movements slow, awkward and unsteady
1 = severe impairment: Able onlu to initiate activity without completion; movements slow with significant unsteadiness, oscillations and extraneous movements
0 = activity impossible

Question 25

Functional Tests (16)

Answer 25

• Finger to nose
• Finger to PTA’s finger
• Finger to finger
• Alternate nose to finger
• Finger opposition
• Mass grasp
• Pronation/Supination (reversal mvmt/speed)
• Rebound test
• Tapping (hand)
• Tapping (foot)
• Pointing and past pointing
• Alternate heel to knee; heel to toe
• Toe to examiner’s finger
• Heel on shin
• Drawing a circle
• Fixation or position holding