Patterns of motor and sensory deficits

Question 1

What will a cortical lesion present as?

Answer 1

Hyperreflexia in proximal limb

Question 2

What will an internal capsule and corticospinal lesion present as?

Answer 2

Contralateral hemiparesis with pyramidal distribution

Lesion with epilepsy, decreased cognition or homonymous hemianopia = lesion in cerebral hemisphere

Lesion with contralateral CN palsy = brainstem lesion

Question 3

What do spinal cord lesions present as?

Answer 3

Quadriparesis/Paraparesis

Motor and reflex level : LMN sign at lesion and UMN signs below

Question 4

How do peripheral neuropathies present ?

Answer 4

Distal weakness

Question 5

How do UMN lesions present?

Answer 5

Extensor weakness in UL, flexor weakness Iin LL, No wasting, Spasticity, Hyperreflexia, up-going plantars

Question 6

How do LMN lesions present?

Answer 6

Wasting, fasiculations, flaccidity, decreased tone, hyporeflexia, down-going plantars

Question 7

What do primary muscle lesions present as?

Answer 7

Symmetrical loss
Reflexes lost later
No sensory loss

Question 8

How to sensory deficits present?

Answer 8

Pain and temperature disorder in small fibres in peripheral nerves and in anterolateral spinothalmic tracts

Touch, joint position and vibrations travel in large fibres peripherally and in dorsal columns centrally

Question 9

What does distal sensory loss present as?

Answer 9

Neuropathy