Patterns of inheritance

Question 2

Genotype

Answer 2

The genetic constitution of an organism. The combination of alleles found at the same gene locus of homologous chromosomes.

Question 3

Genotype example

Answer 3

TT and tt

Answer 4

The physical & chemical characteristics that make up the appearance of an orb is known as its phenotype.
It is determined by an interaction between genes & the environment

Question 5

Phenotype example

Answer 5

Color of flower
Shape of nose
Size of olive

Question 6

Gene

Answer 6

A sequence of bases on DNA that codes for a single polypeptide chain. The gene locus is the location of a gene on the chromosome

Question 7

Allele

Answer 7

These are alternate forms of a gene found at a part gene locus. They differ from each other in the sequence of bases

Question 8

Dominant allele

Answer 8

The allele which expresses itself in the phenotype, both in homozygous & heterozygous genotype

Question 9

Recessive alleles

Answer 9

Recessive allele is an alternative form of a gene that is only expressed in individual homozygous for the allele

Question 10

Homozygous

Answer 10

If both alleles that code for characteristics are identical, then the individual is homozygous for that characteristic & is called a homozygote (‘homo’ means ‘the same’

Question 11

Homozygous example

Answer 11

aa and AA

Question 13

Heterozygote (not done)

Answer 13

If the two Allie’s coding for a characteristics are different, the individual is heterozygous for that characteristic & is called heterozygote ( ‘hetero’ means different),

Question 14

Heterozygote example

Answer 14

Aa