Pattern Recognition Flashcards
Describe the innate immune system
- immediate response
- non specific, in born recognition
- interacts with & potentiates adaptive immune response
- rarely malfunctions
What are the key components of the innate immune system ?
- recognition molecules
- cells
- soluble components
What are some examples of recognition molecules ?
- collections
- mannan binding lectins
- ficolins
- C-reactive proteins
- toll-like receptors
What are some examples of cells involved in the innate immune system ?
- neutrophils
- mononuclear cells
- natural killer cells
- eosinophils
What are some examples of the soluble components of the innate immune system ?
- complement
- interferons
What are some examples of physical & chemical barriers to infection?
- skin
- lysozyme in tears
- stomach acid
- flushing of urinary tract
What happens if normal barriers are breached?
- cells of the innate immune system use pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs)
- outcomes of this are pathogen destruction, phagocyte activation & inflammation
Describe PAMPs
- Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns
- examples include = mannose, fmlp & LPS
Describe Opsonins
- bind to target microbes or apoptotic cells
- increases the attractiveness of target cell for phagocytosis
- augment response to targets
Describe Interferons
IFN alpha & beta
- anti-viral
- targets many cell types
IFN y
- Th1 pro-inflammatory
- targets many cell types
- active macrophage
What are 2 examples of microbicidal molecules ?
- collectins & ficolins
- pentraxins
Describe collectins & ficolins
- they recognise sugars on microbes & apoptotic cells
Describe Pentraxins
- family of pentameric proteins
- CRP & SAP
- Recognise phospholipids on microbes & apoptotic cells
What are some examples of cellular defence mechanisms?
- phagocytosis
- NK cell responses
- intestinal y cells
What are the outcomes of phagocytosis ?
- inflammatory mediator release
- cytokines/chemokines
- oxidative burst
