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PATIENT PREPARATION Flashcards

1
Q

Transient increase in Exercise

A

Lactate
Fatty Acid
Ammonia

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2
Q

Long-term Increased in Exercise

A

Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK)
AST
LD
Aldolase

Skeletal muscle enzymes

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3
Q

Increased hormones in Exercise

A

Prolactin
Growth Hormone

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4
Q

Decreased hormones in Exercise

A

FSH
LH
Estrogen
Testosterone

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5
Q

What can also be observed after exercise?

A

Proteinuria
> Elevated levels of proteins in urine

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6
Q

Vigorous hand exercise
(Fist clenching)
INCREASES

A

Potassium
Lactate
Phosphate

PLP

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7
Q

Vigorous hand exercise
(Fist clenching)
INCREASES

A

Potassium
Lactate
Phosphate

PLP

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8
Q

Fasting requirement

A

8-12 hours

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9
Q

Fasting specimen:

A

FBS
GTT
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Gastrin
Insulin

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10
Q

Fasting for 48 hours increases

A

Serum Bilirubin

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11
Q

Fasting for 72 hours increases

A

Plasma TAG in males

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12
Q

Fasting for 72 hours decreases

A

Glucose in healthy women to 45 mg/dL

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13
Q

Basal state collection

A

Glucose
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Electrolytes

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14
Q

High protein diet increases:

A

Plasma Urea
Uric Acid

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15
Q

Atkins diet (high protein, low carb) increases:

A

Plasma Urea
Urine Ketones

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16
Q

Caffeine increases ___ through the release of cathecolamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine)

A

Glucose

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17
Q

Increased in Obese person:

A

Glucose
Cortisol
TAG
LD

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18
Q

Preferred position during phlebotomy

A

Upright position
Supine (Lying)

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19
Q

Patient should be seated/supine for at least _____ to prevent hemoconcentration or hemodilution

A

15 to 20 minutes

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20
Q

Supine to Sitting/ Standing increases:

A

ECA
Enzymes
Calcium
Albumin

Vasoconstriction –> Reduced plasma volume

21
Q

Sitting to Supine increases:

A

PBLIC
Protein
BUN
Lipids
Iron
Calcium

Hemoconcentration

22
Q

Standing to Supine decreases:

A

TLC
Triglycerides
Lipoprotein
Cholesterol

Hemodilution

23
Q

Prolonged standing increases

A

Potassium

due to release of K from muscles

24
Q

Prolonged standing increases

A

Potassium

due to release of K from muscles

25
Prolonged bedrest decreases:
Plasma Albumin | due to fluid retention
26
Recommended tourniquet application:
3-4 inches above 1 minute only
27
Prolonged tourniquet application increases:
***C2LEA2K*** Calcium Cholesterol Lactate Enzyme Ammonia Albumin K (Potassium) | Due to Hemoconcentration & Anaerobiosis
28
Prolonged tourniquet application increases:
***C2LEA2K*** Calcium Cholesterol Lactate Enzyme Ammonia Albumin K (Potassium) | Due to Hemoconcentration & Anaerobiosis
29
Tobacco Smoking increases:
***TUG2ALIC3*** Triglyceride Urea Glucose Growth Hormone Ammonia Lactate Insulin Cortisol Cathecolamine Cholesterol
30
Tobacco Smoking Decreases
Vitamin B12
31
Alcohol Ingestion Increases:
***TLUG*** Triglyceride Lactate Urate Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
32
Chronic Alcoholism causes:
Hypoglycemia
33
Stress increases:
***Pro-LA2GC3*** Prolactin Lactate ACTH Albumin Glucose Catecholamine Cortisol Total Cholesterol
34
Stress decreases:
HDL by 15%
35
Hepatotoxic drugs can elevate:
Liver function enzymes
36
Diuretics can cause decreased:
Plasma Sodium & Potassium
37
Affected by Age (Increases)
Albumin ALP Cholesterol Phosphorus
38
Increased in Male:
Albumin ALP Creatine Uric acid Cholesterol BUN
39
Increased in Female
HDL Iron Cholesterol
40
Peaks 4 am - 6am Lowest 8 pm - 12 am 50% lower at 8 pm | Increased with Stress
Cortisol
41
Lower at night Increased with stress
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
42
Lower at night Higher Standing than Supine
Plasma Renin Activity
43
Lower at night
Aldosterone Insulin
44
Higher in the afternoon and evening
Growth hormone Acid Phosphatase
45
Increases with exercise
Thyroxine
46
Higher with Stress Higher at 4 am, 8 am, 8 pm and 10 pm
Prolactin
47
Peaks early to late morning Decreases up to 30% during the day
Iron
48
4% decrease supine
Calcium

Clinical Chemistry (16 decks)

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