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Clinical Chemistry > PATIENT PREPARATION > Flashcards

PATIENT PREPARATION Flashcards

1
Q

Transient increase in Exercise

A

Lactate
Fatty Acid
Ammonia

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2
Q

Long-term Increased in Exercise

A

Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK)
AST
LD
Aldolase

Skeletal muscle enzymes

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3
Q

Increased hormones in Exercise

A

Prolactin
Growth Hormone

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4
Q

Decreased hormones in Exercise

A

FSH
LH
Estrogen
Testosterone

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5
Q

What can also be observed after exercise?

A

Proteinuria
> Elevated levels of proteins in urine

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6
Q

Vigorous hand exercise
(Fist clenching)
INCREASES

A

Potassium
Lactate
Phosphate

PLP

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7
Q

Vigorous hand exercise
(Fist clenching)
INCREASES

A

Potassium
Lactate
Phosphate

PLP

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8
Q

Fasting requirement

A

8-12 hours

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9
Q

Fasting specimen:

A

FBS
GTT
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Gastrin
Insulin

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10
Q

Fasting for 48 hours increases

A

Serum Bilirubin

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11
Q

Fasting for 72 hours increases

A

Plasma TAG in males

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12
Q

Fasting for 72 hours decreases

A

Glucose in healthy women to 45 mg/dL

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13
Q

Basal state collection

A

Glucose
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Electrolytes

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14
Q

High protein diet increases:

A

Plasma Urea
Uric Acid

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15
Q

Atkins diet (high protein, low carb) increases:

A

Plasma Urea
Urine Ketones

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16
Q

Caffeine increases ___ through the release of cathecolamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine)

A

Glucose

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17
Q

Increased in Obese person:

A

Glucose
Cortisol
TAG
LD

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18
Q

Preferred position during phlebotomy

A

Upright position
Supine (Lying)

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19
Q

Patient should be seated/supine for at least _____ to prevent hemoconcentration or hemodilution

A

15 to 20 minutes

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20
Q

Supine to Sitting/ Standing increases:

A

ECA
Enzymes
Calcium
Albumin

Vasoconstriction –> Reduced plasma volume

21
Q

Sitting to Supine increases:

A

PBLIC
Protein
BUN
Lipids
Iron
Calcium

Hemoconcentration

22
Q

Standing to Supine decreases:

A

TLC
Triglycerides
Lipoprotein
Cholesterol

Hemodilution

23
Q

Prolonged standing increases

A

Potassium

due to release of K from muscles

24
Q

Prolonged standing increases

A

Potassium

due to release of K from muscles

25
Q

Prolonged bedrest decreases:

A

Plasma Albumin

due to fluid retention

26
Q

Recommended tourniquet application:

A

3-4 inches above

1 minute only

27
Q

Prolonged tourniquet application increases:

A

C2LEA2K
Calcium
Cholesterol
Lactate
Enzyme
Ammonia
Albumin
K (Potassium)

Due to Hemoconcentration & Anaerobiosis

28
Q

Prolonged tourniquet application increases:

A

C2LEA2K
Calcium
Cholesterol
Lactate
Enzyme
Ammonia
Albumin
K (Potassium)

Due to Hemoconcentration & Anaerobiosis

29
Q

Tobacco Smoking increases:

A

TUG2ALIC3
Triglyceride
Urea
Glucose
Growth Hormone
Ammonia
Lactate
Insulin
Cortisol
Cathecolamine
Cholesterol

30
Q

Tobacco Smoking Decreases

A

Vitamin B12

31
Q

Alcohol Ingestion Increases:

A

TLUG
Triglyceride
Lactate
Urate
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)

32
Q

Chronic Alcoholism causes:

A

Hypoglycemia

33
Q

Stress increases:

A

Pro-LA2GC3
Prolactin
Lactate
ACTH
Albumin
Glucose
Catecholamine
Cortisol
Total Cholesterol

34
Q

Stress decreases:

A

HDL by 15%

35
Q

Hepatotoxic drugs can elevate:

A

Liver function enzymes

36
Q

Diuretics can cause decreased:

A

Plasma Sodium & Potassium

37
Q

Affected by Age (Increases)

A

Albumin
ALP
Cholesterol
Phosphorus

38
Q

Increased in Male:

A

Albumin
ALP
Creatine
Uric acid
Cholesterol
BUN

39
Q

Increased in Female

A

HDL
Iron
Cholesterol

40
Q

Peaks 4 am - 6am
Lowest 8 pm - 12 am
50% lower at 8 pm

Increased with Stress

41
Q

Lower at night
Increased with stress

A

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
(ACTH)

42
Q

Lower at night
Higher Standing than Supine

A

Plasma Renin Activity

43
Q

Lower at night

A

Aldosterone
Insulin

44
Q

Higher in the afternoon and evening

A

Growth hormone
Acid Phosphatase

45
Q

Increases with exercise

46
Q

Higher with Stress
Higher at 4 am, 8 am, 8 pm and 10 pm

47
Q

Peaks early to late morning
Decreases up to 30% during the day

48
Q

4% decrease supine

Clinical Chemistry (16 decks)

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