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Biochemistry > Pathways > Flashcards

Pathways Flashcards

1
Q

Pathways which occur in mitochondria

A

Fatty Acid oxidation
Acetyl CoA
TCA
Oxidative phosphorylation

“MITO FATO”

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2
Q

Pathways that occur in cytoplasm

A 
PPP
Glyogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Glycolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Anaerobic glycolysis
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3
Q

What pathways occur both in mitochondria and cytosol?

A

Heme
Urea
Gluconeogenesis

Give BOTH a HUG

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4
Q

Pathways that occur in mitochondrial matrix

A

TCA
Urea
B-oxidation

INSIDE the TUB

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5
Q

Pathway that occur in the inner mitochondrial membrane

membranes of cristae

A

ETC
Succinate dehydrogenase
ATP synthase

Inner EAS

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6
Q

Energy synthesizing system of the cell

Final common pathway in aerobic cells by which electrons derived from various subtrates are transferred to oxygen

A

Electron Transport Chain

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7
Q

Final acceptor of electrons along ETC

Can accomodate how many electrons to form water

A

Oxygen

Electron + Oxygen = water

4 electrons

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8
Q

Energy from reductkon of oxygen utilized for

A

Phosphorylation of ADP

oxidative phosphorylation

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9
Q

Energy from reduction of O2 is utilized for phosphorylation of ADP to ATP through the enzyme

A

ATP synthetase

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10
Q

Complex V

A

ATP synthetase

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11
Q

Series of protein complexes, chain of transporters that carry only

A

electrons

H is not transported

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12
Q

The only non-protein complex

A

Co-enzyme Q

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13
Q

Two types of phosphorylation

A

Substrate level

Oxidative phosphorylation

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14
Q

Synthesis of ATP from ADP by phosphorylation coupled with exergonic breakdown of a high energy organic substrate molecule

A

Substrate level phosphorylation

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15
Q

Example of substrate level phosphorylation

A

Phosphoenol pyruvate -> pyruvate
ADP -> ATP via pyruvate kinase

1,3 disphosphoglycerate + ADP -> 3 Phosphoglycerate + ATP via phosphoglycerate kinase

Succinyl CoA + GDP -> Succinate + GTP via SuccinylCoa synthetase

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16
Q

Phosphorylation of ADP is coupled with the oxidation of substrate in the ETC

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

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17
Q

Tight coupling of electron transfer (oxidation) and phosphorylation

A

Chemiosmotic Coupling Hypothesis of Peter Mitchell

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18
Q

Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in

A

inner mitochondrial membrane

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19
Q

Components of ETC

A

Cytochromes
Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q)
Fe-sulfur complexes
Molecular oxygen

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20
Q

Iron containing single electron carriers

A

Cytochrome

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21
Q

Mobile water soluble protein

A

Cytochrome C

All other cytochromes (a and b) are immobile

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22
Q

A non-protein isoprenoid quinone

Mobile component and most abundant

A

Ubiquinone (Coenzyne Q)

23
Q

Shares structural homology with with Vitamin E and Vitamin K

A

Ubiquinone

24
Q

Found in all organisms

Polar, not water soluble

A

Ubiquinone

25
Q

Associated with metalloflavoproteins and Cytochrome b

Single electron carriers involved in the redox mechanism between flavin and Q

A

Fe-Sulfur Complex

26
Q

Complex I

A

NADH dehydrogenase

27
Q

Complex II

A

Succinate dehydrogenase

28
Q

Complex III

A

Cytochrome b-c1 complex

29
Q

Complex IV

A

Cytochrome oxidase

30
Q

Complex V

A

ATP synthase

31
Q

Net charge outside, inside after electron transfer

A

+ outside

- inside

32
Q

Two domains of ATP synthase

A

F1 domain

F0 domain

33
Q

Inhibits complex F0 domain of Complex V

A

Oligomycin

34
Q

Complex I
NADH oxidoreductase is blocked by

They do not totally deplete ATP production because they do not block the Complex II

A

Barbiturate
Amytal
Rotenone
Pericidin A

BARP

35
Q

Complex II

Succinate-Q reductase is inhibited by

A

TTFA
Carboxin
Malonate

36
Q

Insecticide produced by extraction from roots and stems of several tropical and subtropical plant species especially those belonging to Lonchocarpus and Derris

Inhibits Complex I

A

Rotenone

37
Q

Inhibitor of NADH Dehydrogenase

A

Piericidin A

38
Q

Inhibitor of Complex I that causes insomnia and anxiety

A

Amobarbital

39
Q

Blocks Complex II
Competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase

You still have ATP production via complex I

A

Malonate
TTFA
Carboxin

40
Q

A conventional mitochondrial Complex II inhibitor

Chelating agent

A

TTFA

Thenoyltrifluoroacetone

41
Q

Systemic anilide fungicide that inhibits Complex II

A

Carboxin

42
Q

Blocks Complex III

Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase

A

Antimycin A

Dimercaprol

43
Q

Inhibits Complex IV

Cytochrome c oxidase

A

Cyanide
Carbon monoxide
Sodium azide
H2S

44
Q

Inhibits Complex V

ATP Synthase Complex

A

Oligomycin F0

45
Q

Cyanide toxicity occurs when

A

Na nitroprusside

46
Q

Blocks Complex III

Used in treatment for arsenic, gold, mercury, lead and other toxic metals

A

Dimercaprol

47
Q

Chemical piscicide (fish poison) used in fisheries managment and in the catfish industry

A

Antimycin

48
Q

Block of complex III leads to

A

no ATP

49
Q

Blocks Complex IV

No ATP production

A

Cyanide
Hydrogen sulfide
Carbon monoxide

50
Q

Cyanide inhibits the enzyme

A

Cytochrome oxidase

51
Q

Compounds that allow oxidation to continue without corresponding synthesis of ATP

A

Thermogenin
2,4-Dinitrophenol DNP
Aspirin in excess

52
Q

Known as uncoupling protein 1 UCP1
Protein found in the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue

Used to generate heat by non-shivering thermogenesis

A

Thermogenin

53
Q

Transports protons across the membrane and destroy the pH gradient

no transfer of electron

A

Uncouplers

Biochemistry (32 decks)

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