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Biochemistry > Electron Transport Chain > Flashcards

Electron Transport Chain Flashcards

1
Q

ETC is located on the

A

inner mitochondrial membrane

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2
Q

Main source of energy in the aerobic pathway of energy generation

A

Electron Transport Chain

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3
Q

Krebs Cycle
Beta oxidation
Occur in

A

Matrix of mitochondria

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4
Q

Movement of electrons generate energy utilized to pump H ions into the

A

Intermembrane space from the matrix of mitochondria

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5
Q

Higher concentration of ions is generated in the intermembrane space compared to the inner membrane space make it

A

Positively charged and generates electro-chemical gradient

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6
Q

This enzyme transports H ions into the matrix of mitochondria and uses energy generated from flow of H ions to phosphorylate ADP to ATP

A

ATP Synthase

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7
Q

Complex I

A

NADH Dehydrogenase Complex

NADH oxidoreductase

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8
Q

L shaped complex in the inner mitchondrial membrane

A

Complex I NADH Dehydrogenase

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9
Q

The vertical arm of complex I is located inside the

A

Inner mitochondrial membrane

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10
Q

The horizontal arm of complex I is located in the

A

Matrix of mitochondria

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11
Q

Complex I functions by

A

Removing hydrogen from reduced form of NAD

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12
Q

NADH Dehydrogenase also contains complexes:

A

FMN

Iron-sulfur compounds

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13
Q

Dehydrogenation is an example of this type of reduction

A

Oxido-reduction

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14
Q

Complex II

A

Succinate dehydrogenase Complex

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15
Q

Complex II removes H from succinyl and oxidizes it into

A

Fumarate

Krebs cycle

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16
Q

Complex II is also called a complex because it contains

A

Iron-sulfur clusters

Succinate dehydrogenase

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17
Q

Oxidation of succinate to fumarate produces a reducing equivalent of

A

FADH2 utilized to transport electron to Complex III

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18
Q

Complex III

A

Cytochrome reductase

Q-cytochrome C Oxidoreductase

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19
Q

Group of proteins with heme as complexes or prosthetic groups and iron cores where it can exist in an oxidized or reduced form

A

Cytochrome

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20
Q

Complex III contains 3 types of cytochromes:

A

Cytochrome b
Cytochrome C1
Cytochrome C

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21
Q

The cytochrome component of complex III that transfers it to Complex IV

A

Cytochrome C

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22
Q

Complex IV

A

Cytochrome C oxidase

23
Q

A heme and copper containing complex whose main job is to oxidize cytochrome C or receive electrons and use it for the reduction of oxygen to water

A

Cytochrome C oxidase

24
Q

ETC begins when NADH donates its first electron to the first complex and are received by the prosthetic groups

The electrons are then received by

This is a type of reaction called

A

FMN

Iron-sulfur Fe-S proteins

Redox

Ferrous-Ferric

25
Q

Fe-S proteins donate electrons to

A

Co-enzyme Q

26
Q

Ubiquinone freely permeable molecule inside the inner mitochondrial membrane

A

Coenzyme Q

Redox

27
Q

The first two redox reactions in complex I and complex II are used to generate energy to pump

A

4 H ions from matrix to inner membrane space

28
Q

2 H ions from the matrix combine with Coenzyme q and gets converted to

A

Reduced form of ubiquinone

29
Q

The second complex contains this enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate in Krebs (redox) causing generation of

A

Succinate dehydrogenase

FADH2

30
Q

FADH2 stays inside complex II and donates electrons to Fe-S.

The electrons are then transferred to

A

Ubiquinone

31
Q

Freely permeable molecule used to transfer electron to third complex

A

Ubiquinone

32
Q

In complex III, the electrons are first received by

A

cytochrome C1

33
Q

Cytochrome C1 transfers electrons to

A

Fe-S proteins donating electrons to cytochrome b

34
Q

Cytochrome b transfers electrons to cytochrome C which is used to donate electrons to

A

Complex IV

35
Q

Redox reactions inside complex III cause

A

pumping of 4 H ions to intermembrane space

36
Q

Complex IV receives electrons from cytochrome C via

A

Copper ions (a type?) then donate to cytochrome A and transfers electrons to copper ions (b type)

37
Q

Copper ions b type transfer electrons to

A

Cytochrome A3

38
Q

Cytochrome A3 transfers electrons to final electron acceptor which is:

A

oxygen

39
Q

Oxygen combines with 2 molecules of H and get reduced to become:

A

water

40
Q

Redox reactions in complex IV cause pumping of

A

2 H ions to intermembrane space

41
Q

All the pumping of H ions to intermembrane space cause

A

High concentration creating electro-chemical gradient used by ATP synthase to phosphorylate ATP from ADP

42
Q

Glucose -> Pyruvate (Glycolysis)

Net of ATP?
Net of NADH?

Total of?

A

2 ATPs

2 NADH

43
Q

Pyruvate -> Acetyl Coa

Net NADH?

A

2 NADH

44
Q

Krebs Cycle (1 by glucose)

Net GTP?
Net NADH?
Net FADH2?

A

2 GTPS
6 NADH
2 FADH2

45
Q

ETC

Net NADH?
Net FADH2?

A 
2 NADH (Glycolysis) = 5 ATP
2 NADH (Pyruvate -> Acetyl Coa) = 5 ATP
6 NADH (Krebs) = 15 ATP
2 FADH2 (Krebs) = 3 ATP
46
Q

In the Electron Transport Chain, for every 4 H ions that flow through ATP synthase, how many ATP is generated?

A

1 ATP

47
Q

1 NADH =

how many H ions?

A

10 H ions

Giving rise to 2.5 ATPs

48
Q

1 NADH = ATPs?

A

2.5 ATPs

49
Q

1 FADH2 = H?

A

6 H ions

Generating 1.5 ATPs

50
Q

1 FADH2 = ATP?

A

1.5 ATP

51
Q

Glucose -> Pyruvate

Net ATP?

A

7 ATP

52
Q

Pyruvate -> Acetyl Coa

Net ATP?

A

5 ATP

53
Q

Krebs Cycle

Net ATP?

A

20 ATP

54
Q

Glycolysis
Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA
Krebs
ETC

Total ATP yield:

A

32 ATPs

Biochemistry (32 decks)

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