Pathology of the liver 2 Flashcards
what causes Hep A, B, C and E?
hep A = ebstein - Barr Virus
Hep B = yellow fever virus
Hep C = herpes simplex virus
Hep E = cytomegalovirus
Hep A outcome?
mild illness, usually full recovery
Hep B outcome?
Variable outcome liver damage by antiviral immune response Fulminant acute infection (death) Chronic hepatitis Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Asymptomatic (carrier)
Hep C outcome?
Chronic hepatitis
Cirrhosis
what can bile duct (eg in the case of primary biliary cholangitis) cause?
cholestasis liver injury inflammation fibrosis Cirrhosis
what autoantibodies are found in primary biliary cholangitis?
autoantibodies to mitochondria
what autoantibodies are found in autoimmune hepatitis?
autoantibodies to smooth muscle, nuclear or LKM
which Ig is raised in autoimmune hepatitis?
IgG
what might trigger autoimmune hepatitis?
environmental triggers
chronic drug induced hepatitis
what, generally can drugs do to the liver?
mimic any liver disease hepatitis granulomas fibrosis necrosis failure cholestasis cirrhosis
what can cause drugs to become damaging to the liver?
dose related
idiosyncratic
name 3 storage diseases of the liver?
haemochromatosis
wilsons disease
alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
what are the primary tumours of the liver?
hepatocellular adenoma hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma)
what are the secondary tumours of the liver?
multiple
metastases from colon, pancreas, stomach, breast, lung etc
hepatocellular adenomas are malignant, true or false?
false
they are benign
usually asymptomatic but can become large and rupture or bleed
