Benign conditions of the Large bowel Flashcards
what are some less common diseases of the large bowel?
Colonic volvulus
Colonic angiodysplasia
Ischaemic colitis
Pseudo-obstruction
what is the most common endoscopically diagnosed disease in >50s?
diverticulitis disease
what is a diverticulum?
out-pouching of viscera through its coat
mucosa and organ pertrudes through muscle coat
where is diverticular disease most common?
sigmoid colon
as most affected by low fibre diet
what is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis?
colonoscopy finding
inflammation of diverticular disease
how can diverticulosis be diagnosed?
barium enema
sigmoidoscopy
can the diverticulum be bigger than the actual lumen?
yes
risk as scope could go down wrong lumen rather than the true lumen
what are the clinical features of diverticulitis?
LIF pain/tenderness
septic (high RR/HR, fever)
altered bowel habit
may mirror appendicitis
what are the possible complications of diverticular disease?
pericolic abscess
performation (faeces in abdominal cavity, pain, “at deaths door”)
haemorrhage
fistula (communication between 2 epithelial surfaces - eg between colon and bladder = coloviscical fistula, colovaginal fistula)
stricture
what preceeds a fistula usually?
pericolonic abscess
how might a coloviscical fistula present?
recurrent UTI
passing bubbles when peeing (pneumaturia)
how might a colovaginal fistula present?
recurrent infections
apart from diverticular disease, what can cause colonic strictures?
chronic colitis
tumours
how is diverticulitis staged?
Hinchey classification
Stage 0 = clinically mild = oral antibiotics
Stage Ia = IV
Stage Ib = IV
Stage II = percutaneous drainage
Stage III = laparoscopic lavage/drainage
Stage IV = faecal peritonitis = primary resection
how is uncomplicated diverticulitis treated?
oral or no antibiotics
how is complex diverticulitis treated?
percutaneous drainage
Hartmanns procedure
Laparoscopic lavage and drainage
primary resection/anastamosis