pathology 1.4 nervous system Flashcards
Chronic
Long term, low intensity
disease or condition which develops slowly and lasts for a prolonged period
1 = peridontal
2 = mental
Acute
short term, severe
Disease or condition that appears suddenly and is of short duration (few days to a few weeks);
50%+ respiratory in nature and viral in origin
30% are injuries
Degeneration
Progressive pathological changes
Normal aging process
Infectious disorder
Requires a pathogen
Nervous system injury
Requires MD order prior to massage
Spinal cord injury
Requires a MD order prior to massage
Questions to ask when someone has a neurological disorder
When diagnosed?
How does this interfere in your daily life?
What medications are you taking?
What symptoms do you have? Pain? Burning? Numbness? Weakness?
If someone comes to you with symptoms of a NS disorder, not diagnosed, you should
Recommend they see an MD for further diagnosis
Alzheimer’s disease
Degenerative disorder of the brain involving shrinkage and death of brain tissue
S&S - may begin with memory changes, lead to impaired functioning & inability to care for self
Indicated for massage but with concerns
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Progressive degeneration of MOTOR NEURONS and subsequent atrophy of skeletal muscles
S&S - weakness, fatigue, muscle spasms, eventual loss of functioning
Massage indicated but need to respect state of the condition, could cause spasms
Peripheral neuropathy
Damage to the peripheral nerves causing numbness, tingling and pain.
Could be caused by diabetics
Indicated with caution due to numbness
Tremor
S&S - Rhythmic, involuntary muscle movements, fine or gross.
May be due to neurological disorder or multiple other causes
***NEED DIAGNOSIS BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH MASSAGE
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain, usually viral
S&S - fever, headache, confusion, can cause permanent damage and death
Acute - no massage
Fully recovered - no contraindication
Polio
Viral infection, first of the intestines, then 1% will have virus target and destroy cells in the spinal cord, to resurface later. Puts excessive demand on motor neurons, wear out and problems resurface later.
Will not run into today
Post polio syndrome
post polio syndrome - progressive muscle weakness with atrophy of muscles
S&S - cycles of fatigue, achiness and weakness, may eventually lead to paralysis.
Massage indicated
Nervous system injuries require before massage?
MD note
Cerebral palsy
CNS injury occurring prenatally, at birth or in early infancy. Usually MOTOR impairment
S&S - hypertonic or hypertonic muscles, sometimes contractures, suppressed or extreme reflexes, poor coordination.q
MD note required before massage
Complex regional pain syndrome
Previously
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
Chronic pain condition in which initial trauma causes pain that is more severe and longer lasting than is reasonable to expect
S&S - heat, sweating, severe pain, eventual color changes & tissue changes
NEED MD NOTE BEFORE MASSAGE
Spinal cord injury
Damage to some or all the fibers of the spinal cord.
S&S - determined by what parts of the cord are damaged and at what level:
Paraplegic - lower half of body affected
Quadriplegic - body affected from neck down
Stroke
Or
Cerebovascular accident (CVA)
Damage/death to brain tissue by blockage of blood flow (clot) or an arterial bleed.
S&S - paralysis, weakness or numbness one one side of the body (hemiplegia), confusion, difficulty speaking/swallowing
Need MD NOTE before massage
Probably on a blood thinner, never do deep work
TIA
Transient ischemic attack
Mini stroke
Seizure disorders
Neuralgic damage to the brain, increased electrical activity
S&S -
Stay with them if they are on your table, make sure they do not fall off
No contraindication to massage
