Pathology 1.3 musculoskeletal system Flashcards
Myofascial pain syndrome
Development of trigger points in predictable regions based upon repetitive injury or mechanical stressors
S&S- trigger points are taught bands or nodules of hypertonicity causing pain that may refer to distant locations
Neuromuscular, deep tissue, therapeutic compression, pulsing pressure
Fibromyalgia syndrome
Chronic pain syndrome involving neurotransmitter and hormonal imbalances
S&S- development of tender points (in 11 of 18 different sites)
Many other complaints: fatigue, non restorative sleep, depression, etc.
Start with light, more frequent massages to flush tissues
Spasm
Involuntary low grade contraction, long lasting
Chronic
*****Work into the muscle gradually
Any strokes will work
Cramp
Strong painful sudden short lived acute
Compression, massage attachments, passively stretch antagonist (muscle on opposite side of the body)
Strain
sTrain - tendon Injury to muscle-tendon unit S&S- pain and stiffness Acute - RICE Subacute- deep work as soon as possible at injury site Cross fiber/with fiber compression
Sprain
Injury to ligaments
S&S- pain plus lots of swelling and pain with movement
Acute- RICE
Subacute- deep work as soon as possible at injury site
Cross fiber/with fiber compression
Adhesions
Sticky thick area caused by the joining together of collagen fibers
S&S- thick, hard areas causing decreased mobility and flexibility
Compression???
TMJD
Temporal mandibular joint disorder
Constant strain or stress of temporomanibular joint, frequently from grinding or malocclusion
s&S- clicking, locking, pain, headache…may be bony or cartilaginous deformation
Deep neuromuscular work
Ganglion cysts
Small fluid filled synovial sac attached to tendonous sheath or joint capsules
S&S- small bump, usually not painful, usually wrist or ankle
Local contradiction
Pes planus
Flat feet- usually from imbalance in leg muscles
S&S- feet lack arches. Look for pain patterns elsewhere in the body
Deep specific work to feet and lower legs
Plantar fascitis
Inflammation caused by injury to the plantar fascia of the foot
S&S- pain in sole of foot first thing in the morning
Gliding strokes to warm up the tissue
Scleroderma
Autoimmune disorder, body attacks smaller blood vessels
S&S- abnormal accumulations of collagen and scar tissue, creates thickening of skin frequently face and hands
Doctor’s order prior to work
Tendinitis/tenosynovitis
Injury, inflammation or degeneration of tendinous tissues
S&S - pain, heat, stiffness. Inflammation may be present
Acute- RICE, subacute work area as soon as possible
Torticollis
“Wryneck”.- unilateral spasm of neck muscles
S&S- simple stiff neck.
If it does not resolve - refer
Whiplash
Collection of soft tissue injuries from Cervical acceleration and deceleration (CAD)
S&S- sprains, strains, possible damage to joint capsules, discs
