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Microbiology > Pathogenesis Of Infection > Flashcards

Pathogenesis Of Infection Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Means origin

A

Genesis

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1
Q

Source or cause of an illness or abnormal condition

A

Pathogenesis

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2
Q

Involves the growth and multiplication of microorganisms that result in damage to the host

A

Infection

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3
Q

Infection: caused by a microorganism from the microbiota of the individual

A

Autogenous infection

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4
Q

Also known as the hospital acquired infection

A

Nosocomial infection

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5
Q

Cornerstone of modern infection

A

Handwashing

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6
Q

Occurs as the result of medical treatment or medical procedures

A

Iatrogenic infection

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7
Q

An infection in immunocompromised hosts that do not cause disease in individuals with a normal immune system

A

Oppurtunistic infection

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8
Q

This bacteria is the number one cause of UTI

A

E.Coli

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9
Q

Most abundant WBC

A

Neutrophiles

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10
Q

Phagocytes in tissues

A

Macrophages

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11
Q

1st line of defense

A

Skin

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12
Q

2nd line of defense

A

WBC

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13
Q

Signs and symptoms are confined to one area

A

Local infection

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14
Q

Starts as a local infection and spread to other parts of the body

A

Focal infection

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15
Q

Presence of toxins in the blood

A

Toxemia

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16
Q

Active multiplication of bacteria in the blood

A

Septicemia

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17
Q

Presence of bacteria in the blood

Without active multiplication

A

Bacteremia

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18
Q

Microbes are spread throughout the body by blood or lymph

A

Systemic infection

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19
Q

A condition wherein pus-producing organisms repeatedly invade the bloodstream

A

Pyemia

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20
Q

Bacteria that damages the CNS

A

Clostridium tetani

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21
Q

Development of fever is a sign of what systemic infection

A

Septicemia

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22
Q

This infection is caused by oppurtunistic pathogen

A

Secondary infection

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23
Q

An initial infection causing the illness

A

Primary infection

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24
Q

Silent inside the body without any noticeable illness in the host

A

Latent infection

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25
Q

Caused by two or more organisms

A

Mixed infection

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26
Q

An infection which develops slowly with milder but longer lasting symptoms

A

Chronic infection

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27
Q

Type of infection that develops and progress slowly

A

Acute infection

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28
Q

Example of a mixed infection

A

Wound infection

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29
Q

Example of acute infection

A

Whooping cough

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30
Q

Example of chronic infection

A

Tb

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31
Q

Example of local infection

A

Boils
Abscess
Acne
Infected wound

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32
Q

Example of focal infection

A

Tooth infection
Tonsilitis
Appendicitis
Wound infection caused by c.tetani

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33
Q

Example of primary infection

A

Common cold

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34
Q

Example of secondary infection

A

Pneumonia

Bronchitis

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35
Q

Example of latent onfection

A

Polio

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36
Q

Routes of infection

A

Direct transmission

Indirect transmission

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37
Q

Example of fomites

A

Wheel chair, catheter, needle

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38
Q

Microorganism that is the caused of common colds

A

Rhinovirus

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39
Q

Microorganism which is the caused of cholera

A

Vibrio cholereae

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40
Q

This bacteria is caused by neonatal meningitis

A

S.agalactiae

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41
Q

Caused by bordetella pertussis

A

Whooping cough

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42
Q

Specific illness or disorder characterized by a recognizable set of signs and symptoms

A

Disease

43
Q

Spread from one host to another, directly or indirectly

A

Communicable disease

44
Q

Not spread from one host to another

A

Non-communicable disease

45
Q

Spread easily from one person to another

A

Contagious disease

46
Q

Example of communicable disease

A 
Tb
Herpes
Flu
Aids
Mumps
Chickenpox
Polio
Hepatitis
47
Q

Example of contagious disease

A

Chickenpox and measles

48
Q

Example of non communicable disease

A

Tetanus

Botulism

49
Q

Most potent and deadliest toxin known to man

A

Botulism

50
Q

This disease occurs occasionally

A

Sporadic disease

51
Q

An endemic that spans the world

A

Pandemic disease

52
Q

Many people acquire the disease in a particular location or population
Not consistenly present

A

Epidemic disease

53
Q

Constantly present in a particular location

A

Endemic disease

54
Q

Group of signs and symptoms that are associated with a disease

A

Syndrome

55
Q

These are objective changes that can be measured

A

Signs

56
Q

Subjective feelings not obvious to a person

A

Symptoms

57
Q

Time between the exposure to a pathogenic organism

A

Incubation period

58
Q

Appearance of rhe signs and symptoms

A

Prodromal period

59
Q

Peak of characteristic signs and symptoms of an infection or a disease

A

Illness period

60
Q

Period wherein the signs and symptoms begin to subside

Condition of host deteriorates possibly leading to death

A

Decline period

61
Q

Full recovery of the surviving host

A

Convalescent period

62
Q

Example of syndrome

A

Aids

63
Q

Example of signs

A

Fever
Redness
Swelling
Paralysis

64
Q

Example of symptoms

A

Pain malaise

65
Q

Microorganisms that cause infection and/or disease

A

Pathogens

66
Q

Pertains to the ability of a pathogenic agent to produce a disease in a susceptible individual

A

Pathogenecity

67
Q

Example of oppurtunistic pathogens

A

N.meningitidis

E.coli

68
Q

Association of two organisms living together

A

Symbiosis

69
Q

A symbiotic relationship where both the host and organism benefit from one another

A

Mutualism

70
Q

A relationship where the organism benefits at the expense of the host

A

Parasitism

71
Q

A relationship where the organism benefits, but there is no beneficial pr harmful effect to the host

A

Commensalism

72
Q

Key component in bacterial pathogenesis

A

Biofilm production

73
Q

Power of the microorganisms to produce disease

Degree of pathogenecity

A

Virulence

74
Q

Poisonous substances produced by pathogenic microorganisms

A

Toxins

75
Q

Ability to produce toxic substances

A

Toxigenicity

76
Q

Example of toxic factors

A

Diphtheria toxin
Tetanospamin
Botulism toxin

77
Q

Example of enzymatic factors

A

Hyaluronidase
Coagulase
Leucocidin

78
Q

Enzymatic factor that kills WBC

A

Leucocidin

79
Q

Serves as the physical and chemical barrier to microorganisms

A

Skin

80
Q

Contributes to the removal of potentially infective agents

A

Cough sneeze reflex

81
Q

Examples of antimicrobial substances

A

Lysozyme

Bile salts

82
Q

Process by which certain cells engulf

A

Phagocytosis

83
Q

Cells that ingest and destroy bacteria

A

Phagocytes

84
Q

Phagocytes ingest bacteria by a process known as

A

Endocytosis

85
Q

Enzyme present in tears

A

Lysozyme

86
Q

Main adhesisns in the bacteria

A

Pili

Surface polysaccharides

87
Q

Toxins produced in the cytoplasm

Most lethal substances known

A

Exotoxins

88
Q

It is released when bacteria die

A

Endotoxins

89
Q

This microorganism is non motile because of the absence of flagellum

A

N.gonorrheae

90
Q

Process of penetrating and growing in tissues

A

Invasion

91
Q

Spread of organisms to distant sites

A

Dissemination

92
Q

Study of occurrence, distribution, and causes of disease and injury

A

Epidemiology

93
Q

A person or animal who harbors and spreads a microorganism that causes disease

A

Carrier

94
Q

Harbors the microorganism temporarily for a few days or weeks

A

Casual carrier

95
Q

Remains infected for a relatively long time

A

Chronic carrier

96
Q

An individual who has recovered from infection

A

Convalescent carrier

97
Q

An individual who has an overt clinical case of the disease

A

Active carrier

98
Q

When an organism or disease is constantly present in a population

A

Endemic

99
Q

When a disease affects significantly large number of people at the same time in geographic area

A

Epidemic

100
Q

An epidemic over a large area affecting tens of millions of people

A

Pandemic

101
Q

Is the number of times a new event occurs in a given period

A

Incident rate

102
Q

Time between exposure to a pathogen

A

Incubation period

103
Q

The rate at which an illness occurs

A

Morbidity rate

104
Q

Is the number of deaths due to a disease

A

Mortality rate

105
Q

Is the source of an infection, may be a person, animal or something

A

Reservoir

Microbiology (10 decks)

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