Pathogenesis Of Infection Flashcards
0
Q
Means origin
A
Genesis
1
Q
Source or cause of an illness or abnormal condition
A
Pathogenesis
2
Q
Involves the growth and multiplication of microorganisms that result in damage to the host
A
Infection
3
Q
Infection: caused by a microorganism from the microbiota of the individual
A
Autogenous infection
4
Q
Also known as the hospital acquired infection
A
Nosocomial infection
5
Q
Cornerstone of modern infection
A
Handwashing
6
Q
Occurs as the result of medical treatment or medical procedures
A
Iatrogenic infection
7
Q
An infection in immunocompromised hosts that do not cause disease in individuals with a normal immune system
A
Oppurtunistic infection
8
Q
This bacteria is the number one cause of UTI
A
E.Coli
9
Q
Most abundant WBC
A
Neutrophiles
10
Q
Phagocytes in tissues
A
Macrophages
11
Q
1st line of defense
A
Skin
12
Q
2nd line of defense
A
WBC
13
Q
Signs and symptoms are confined to one area
A
Local infection
14
Q
Starts as a local infection and spread to other parts of the body
A
Focal infection
15
Q
Presence of toxins in the blood
A
Toxemia
16
Q
Active multiplication of bacteria in the blood
A
Septicemia
17
Q
Presence of bacteria in the blood
Without active multiplication
A
Bacteremia
18
Q
Microbes are spread throughout the body by blood or lymph
A
Systemic infection
19
Q
A condition wherein pus-producing organisms repeatedly invade the bloodstream
A
Pyemia
20
Q
Bacteria that damages the CNS
A
Clostridium tetani
21
Q
Development of fever is a sign of what systemic infection
A
Septicemia
22
Q
This infection is caused by oppurtunistic pathogen
A
Secondary infection
23
Q
An initial infection causing the illness
A
Primary infection
24
Silent inside the body without any noticeable illness in the host
Latent infection
25
Caused by two or more organisms
Mixed infection
26
An infection which develops slowly with milder but longer lasting symptoms
Chronic infection
27
Type of infection that develops and progress slowly
Acute infection
28
Example of a mixed infection
Wound infection
29
Example of acute infection
Whooping cough
30
Example of chronic infection
Tb
31
Example of local infection
Boils
Abscess
Acne
Infected wound
32
Example of focal infection
Tooth infection
Tonsilitis
Appendicitis
Wound infection caused by c.tetani
33
Example of primary infection
Common cold
34
Example of secondary infection
Pneumonia
| Bronchitis
35
Example of latent onfection
Polio
36
Routes of infection
Direct transmission
| Indirect transmission
37
Example of fomites
Wheel chair, catheter, needle
38
Microorganism that is the caused of common colds
Rhinovirus
39
Microorganism which is the caused of cholera
Vibrio cholereae
40
This bacteria is caused by neonatal meningitis
S.agalactiae
41
Caused by bordetella pertussis
Whooping cough
42
Specific illness or disorder characterized by a recognizable set of signs and symptoms
Disease
43
Spread from one host to another, directly or indirectly
Communicable disease
44
Not spread from one host to another
Non-communicable disease
45
Spread easily from one person to another
Contagious disease
46
Example of communicable disease
```
Tb
Herpes
Flu
Aids
Mumps
Chickenpox
Polio
Hepatitis
```
47
Example of contagious disease
Chickenpox and measles
48
Example of non communicable disease
Tetanus
| Botulism
49
Most potent and deadliest toxin known to man
Botulism
50
This disease occurs occasionally
Sporadic disease
51
An endemic that spans the world
Pandemic disease
52
Many people acquire the disease in a particular location or population
Not consistenly present
Epidemic disease
53
Constantly present in a particular location
Endemic disease
54
Group of signs and symptoms that are associated with a disease
Syndrome
55
These are objective changes that can be measured
Signs
56
Subjective feelings not obvious to a person
Symptoms
57
Time between the exposure to a pathogenic organism
Incubation period
58
Appearance of rhe signs and symptoms
Prodromal period
59
Peak of characteristic signs and symptoms of an infection or a disease
Illness period
60
Period wherein the signs and symptoms begin to subside
| Condition of host deteriorates possibly leading to death
Decline period
61
Full recovery of the surviving host
Convalescent period
62
Example of syndrome
Aids
63
Example of signs
Fever
Redness
Swelling
Paralysis
64
Example of symptoms
Pain malaise
65
Microorganisms that cause infection and/or disease
Pathogens
66
Pertains to the ability of a pathogenic agent to produce a disease in a susceptible individual
Pathogenecity
67
Example of oppurtunistic pathogens
N.meningitidis
| E.coli
68
Association of two organisms living together
Symbiosis
69
A symbiotic relationship where both the host and organism benefit from one another
Mutualism
70
A relationship where the organism benefits at the expense of the host
Parasitism
71
A relationship where the organism benefits, but there is no beneficial pr harmful effect to the host
Commensalism
72
Key component in bacterial pathogenesis
Biofilm production
73
Power of the microorganisms to produce disease
| Degree of pathogenecity
Virulence
74
Poisonous substances produced by pathogenic microorganisms
Toxins
75
Ability to produce toxic substances
Toxigenicity
76
Example of toxic factors
Diphtheria toxin
Tetanospamin
Botulism toxin
77
Example of enzymatic factors
Hyaluronidase
Coagulase
Leucocidin
78
Enzymatic factor that kills WBC
Leucocidin
79
Serves as the physical and chemical barrier to microorganisms
Skin
80
Contributes to the removal of potentially infective agents
Cough sneeze reflex
81
Examples of antimicrobial substances
Lysozyme
| Bile salts
82
Process by which certain cells engulf
Phagocytosis
83
Cells that ingest and destroy bacteria
Phagocytes
84
Phagocytes ingest bacteria by a process known as
Endocytosis
85
Enzyme present in tears
Lysozyme
86
Main adhesisns in the bacteria
Pili
| Surface polysaccharides
87
Toxins produced in the cytoplasm
| Most lethal substances known
Exotoxins
88
It is released when bacteria die
Endotoxins
89
This microorganism is non motile because of the absence of flagellum
N.gonorrheae
90
Process of penetrating and growing in tissues
Invasion
91
Spread of organisms to distant sites
Dissemination
92
Study of occurrence, distribution, and causes of disease and injury
Epidemiology
93
A person or animal who harbors and spreads a microorganism that causes disease
Carrier
94
Harbors the microorganism temporarily for a few days or weeks
Casual carrier
95
Remains infected for a relatively long time
Chronic carrier
96
An individual who has recovered from infection
Convalescent carrier
97
An individual who has an overt clinical case of the disease
Active carrier
98
When an organism or disease is constantly present in a population
Endemic
99
When a disease affects significantly large number of people at the same time in geographic area
Epidemic
100
An epidemic over a large area affecting tens of millions of people
Pandemic
101
Is the number of times a new event occurs in a given period
Incident rate
102
Time between exposure to a pathogen
Incubation period
103
The rate at which an illness occurs
Morbidity rate
104
Is the number of deaths due to a disease
Mortality rate
105
Is the source of an infection, may be a person, animal or something
Reservoir
