PATHO - FINALS L4 (Reproductive System)

Question 1

Most common anomaly in the female reproductive system

Answer 1

Bicornuate Uterus

Question 2

Occurs when the uterine activity is elongated and has a single uterine tube emerging from it

Answer 2

Unicornuate Uterus

Question 3

A rare congenital anomaly with complete duplication of the uterus, cervix, and vagina

Answer 3

Uterus Didelphys

Question 4

IUD stands for

Answer 4

Intrauterine Contraceptive Device

Question 4

A bacterial infection of the female genital system most often caused by GONOCCOCUS, STAPHYLOCCOCUS, and STREPTOCOCCUS BACTERIA

Answer 4

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Question 5

Inflammation of the breast most often caused by Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria

Answer 5

Mastitis

Question 6

These occur as parts of the normal menstrual cycle which may increase in size and cause pelvic discomfort or abnormal pressure on the urinary bladder

Answer 6

Follicular Cysts and Corpus Luteum Cysts

Question 7

Consists of enlarged ovaries containing MULTIPLE small cysts

Answer 7

Polycystic Ovaries

Question 8

Polycystic Ovaries is often associated with a fairly rare disease known as ___________

Answer 8

Stein Leventhal Syndrome

Question 9

This is the most common type of germ cell tumor containing mature tissue, arising from unfertilized ova that undergoes neoplastic change

Answer 9

Benign Cystic Teratomas of the Ovary

Question 10

A common malignancy caused by an abnormal growth pattern of epithelial cell around the neck of the uterus

Answer 10

Carcinoma of the Cervix

Question 11

Other term for Benign Cystic Teratomas of the Ovary

Answer 11

Dermoid Cyst

Question 12

BENIGN solid masses, common in female uterus that develops from an overgrowth of the uterine smooth muscle tissue

Answer 12

Leiomyoma

(Benign madalas keyword pag Leiomyoma)

Question 12

Other term for Carcinoma of the Cervix

Answer 12

Dysplasia

Question 13

One of the most common cancers of the female repro system SECOND only to breast cancer due to hormonal changes

Answer 13

Adenocarcinoma of the Endometrium

Question 14

Most common benign tumor of the breast formed by an overgrowth of fibrous and glandular tissue located in the upper, outer quadrant of the breast

Answer 14

Fibroadenoma

Question 15

Overgrowth of fibrous tissue, serving as the MOST COMMON DISORDER of the FEMALE BREAST, frequently bilateral resulting from fluctuations in the hormonal levels during the menstrual cycle

Answer 15

Fibrocystic Breasts

Question 16

A very common malignancy among females ranging between the ages of 30-50 years with unknown etiology, tending to rise in post-menopausal years due to changes in estrogen level.

Answer 16

Carcinoma of the Breast

Question 17

Occurs when too little amniotic fluid is present

Answer 17

Oligohydramnios

Question 18

Occurs with an EXCESS of AMNIOTIC FLUID

Answer 18

Polyhydramnios

Question 19

Development of an embryo OUTSIDE the uterine cavity and occurs in approximately 1 % of all pregnancies

Answer 19

Ectopic Pregnancy

Question 20

Most common site for Ectopic Pregnancy

Answer 20

Uterine Tube

Question 21

The placenta develops in the LOWER HALF OF THE UTERUS and ENCROACHES on and partially / completely covers the internal cervical os

Answer 21

Placenta Previa

Question 22

A normally implanted placenta that prematurely separates from the uterus

Answer 22

Abruptio Placentae

Question 23

Common benign enlargement of the prostate gland caused by the development of discrete nodules within the organ

Answer 23

Prostatic Hyperplasia

Question 24

Common cancer in males that is TESTOTERONE DEPENDENT

Answer 24

Carcinoma of the Prostate

Question 25

Four types of malignant germ cell tumors (4):

Answer 25

1. Seminomas
2. Teratomas
3. Embryonal Carcinoma
4. Choricarcinoma

Question 26

These arise from the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES that grow rapidly but tend to remain localized for a fairly long time before metastasizing

Answer 26

Seminomas

Question 27

These malignant germ cell tumors arise from PRIMITIVE GERM CELLS

Answer 27

Teratomas

Question 28

SMALLER IN SIZE than SEMINOMA, but are very invasive and metastasize fairly quickly.

Answer 28

Embryonal Carcinoma

Question 29

Very small and aggressive neoplasms that are often nonpalpable and metastasize very early

Answer 29

Choriocarcinoma

Question 30

Inflammation of the epididymis and testis

Answer 30

Epididymo-orchitis

Question 31

The ACCUMULATION of WATERY LIQUID in a sac, usually the sac surrounding the testes characterized by PAINLESS ENLARGEMENT OF THE SCROTUM

Answer 31

Hydroceles

Question 32

A cystic swelling in the scrotum and can be felt as a lump above the testis

Answer 32

Spermatoceles

Question 33

Common signs and symptoms of PID include (6):

Answer 33

1. Pelvic and Abdominal Pain
2. Dysmenorrhea
3. Nausea
4. Vomiting
5. Elevated Temperature
6. Leukocytes

Question 34

The major organs of the female reproductive system are the ____ and ____

Answer 34

1. Vagina
2. Uterus

Question 35

Occurs if a sperm enters the fallopian tube and burrows into the egg

Answer 35

Fertilization

Question 36

Which imaging modality plays a vital role in detection and surgical removal of Fibroadenomas

Answer 36

Mammography

Question 37

Carcinoma of the Breast is believed to be a MULTIFACTORIAL DISORDER because of (5):

Answer 37

1. Heredity
2. Endocrine Influence
3. Dietary Habits
4. Oncogenic Factor such as Virus
5. Environmental Factors such as
   Chemical Carcinogens

Question 38

Two major parts of the Male Reproductive System:

Answer 38

1. Testes
2. Penis