PATHO - FINALS L4 (Reproductive System) Flashcards
Most common anomaly in the female reproductive system
Bicornuate Uterus
Occurs when the uterine activity is elongated and has a single uterine tube emerging from it
Unicornuate Uterus
A rare congenital anomaly with complete duplication of the uterus, cervix, and vagina
Uterus Didelphys
IUD stands for
Intrauterine Contraceptive Device
A bacterial infection of the female genital system most often caused by GONOCCOCUS, STAPHYLOCCOCUS, and STREPTOCOCCUS BACTERIA
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Inflammation of the breast most often caused by Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria
Mastitis
These occur as parts of the normal menstrual cycle which may increase in size and cause pelvic discomfort or abnormal pressure on the urinary bladder
Follicular Cysts and Corpus Luteum Cysts
Consists of enlarged ovaries containing MULTIPLE small cysts
Polycystic Ovaries
Polycystic Ovaries is often associated with a fairly rare disease known as ___________
Stein Leventhal Syndrome
This is the most common type of germ cell tumor containing mature tissue, arising from unfertilized ova that undergoes neoplastic change
Benign Cystic Teratomas of the Ovary
A common malignancy caused by an abnormal growth pattern of epithelial cell around the neck of the uterus
Carcinoma of the Cervix
Other term for Benign Cystic Teratomas of the Ovary
Dermoid Cyst
BENIGN solid masses, common in female uterus that develops from an overgrowth of the uterine smooth muscle tissue
Leiomyoma
(Benign madalas keyword pag Leiomyoma)
Other term for Carcinoma of the Cervix
Dysplasia
One of the most common cancers of the female repro system SECOND only to breast cancer due to hormonal changes
Adenocarcinoma of the Endometrium
Most common benign tumor of the breast formed by an overgrowth of fibrous and glandular tissue located in the upper, outer quadrant of the breast
Fibroadenoma
Overgrowth of fibrous tissue, serving as the MOST COMMON DISORDER of the FEMALE BREAST, frequently bilateral resulting from fluctuations in the hormonal levels during the menstrual cycle
Fibrocystic Breasts
A very common malignancy among females ranging between the ages of 30-50 years with unknown etiology, tending to rise in post-menopausal years due to changes in estrogen level.
Carcinoma of the Breast
Occurs when too little amniotic fluid is present
Oligohydramnios
Occurs with an EXCESS of AMNIOTIC FLUID
Polyhydramnios
Development of an embryo OUTSIDE the uterine cavity and occurs in approximately 1 % of all pregnancies
Ectopic Pregnancy
Most common site for Ectopic Pregnancy
Uterine Tube
The placenta develops in the LOWER HALF OF THE UTERUS and ENCROACHES on and partially / completely covers the internal cervical os
Placenta Previa
A normally implanted placenta that prematurely separates from the uterus
Abruptio Placentae
Common benign enlargement of the prostate gland caused by the development of discrete nodules within the organ
Prostatic Hyperplasia
Common cancer in males that is TESTOTERONE DEPENDENT
Carcinoma of the Prostate
Four types of malignant germ cell tumors (4):
- Seminomas
- Teratomas
- Embryonal Carcinoma
- Choricarcinoma
These arise from the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES that grow rapidly but tend to remain localized for a fairly long time before metastasizing
Seminomas
These malignant germ cell tumors arise from PRIMITIVE GERM CELLS
Teratomas
SMALLER IN SIZE than SEMINOMA, but are very invasive and metastasize fairly quickly.
Embryonal Carcinoma
Very small and aggressive neoplasms that are often nonpalpable and metastasize very early
Choriocarcinoma
Inflammation of the epididymis and testis
Epididymo-orchitis
The ACCUMULATION of WATERY LIQUID in a sac, usually the sac surrounding the testes characterized by PAINLESS ENLARGEMENT OF THE SCROTUM
Hydroceles
A cystic swelling in the scrotum and can be felt as a lump above the testis
Spermatoceles
Common signs and symptoms of PID include (6):
- Pelvic and Abdominal Pain
- Dysmenorrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Elevated Temperature
- Leukocytes
The major organs of the female reproductive system are the ____ and ____
- Vagina
- Uterus
Occurs if a sperm enters the fallopian tube and burrows into the egg
Fertilization
Which imaging modality plays a vital role in detection and surgical removal of Fibroadenomas
Mammography
Carcinoma of the Breast is believed to be a MULTIFACTORIAL DISORDER because of (5):
- Heredity
- Endocrine Influence
- Dietary Habits
- Oncogenic Factor such as Virus
- Environmental Factors such as
Chemical Carcinogens
Two major parts of the Male Reproductive System:
- Testes
- Penis
