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Stuff Thats Would Be Cool To Remember > Patho CNS TUMORS > Flashcards

Patho CNS TUMORS Flashcards

1
Q

classification of Astrocytomas

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

infiltrating astrocytoma

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2
Q

types of infiltrating astroyctomas

A
  1. diffuse astrocytoma low grade
  2. anaplastic astrocytoma high grade
  3. Glioblastomas (GBM) high grade
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3
Q

specific markers for Gliomas?

A

GFAP

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4
Q

explain Glioblastoma

A
  1. type of infiltrating astrocytoma
  2. High grade tumor (poor prognosis)
  3. abnormal RB and p16 mutation
  4. mean survival is 15 months
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5
Q

explain pleiomorphic xanthoastrocytomas

A
  1. occur in temporal lobe
  2. young pateinets
  3. good prognosis
  4. history of seizures
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6
Q

explain oligodendroglioma

A
  1. middle age patients
  2. loss of heterozygosity in chromosome 1p and 19q
  3. better prognosis then for astrocytomas
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7
Q

explain ependymomoa

A
  1. tumor arising from ependymal cells
  2. present with hydrocephalus– obstruction of csf flow
  3. most common in 4th ventricular
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8
Q

name a neuroectodermal tumors

A

Medulloblastoma

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9
Q

what is a medulloblastoma

A
  1. very undifferentiated tumors
  2. often in children
  3. exclusively in cerebellum
  4. good prognosis
  5. 17p isochromosome
  6. associated with: Lifraumeni, Turcots, gorlin syndrom!
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10
Q

which cns tumor presents with loss of heterozygosity of 1p and 19q?

A

oligodendroglioma

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11
Q

which cns tumor presents with 17p isochromosome?

A

medulloblastoma

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12
Q

what is the marker for astrocytomas?

A

GFAP

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13
Q

complications of meningioma?

A

compresses the Brian, outgrowth of the duramata

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14
Q

metastatic tumors to the Brian

A 
Lung
Breast 
kidney
stomach 
Melanomas
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15
Q

tumors of the pns

A
  1. schwannoma

2. neurofibroma

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16
Q

explain schwannoma

A
  1. bening tumor of schwanncells
  2. mass effect
  3. 8th cranial nerve– hearing loss
  4. mutation of NF2
17
Q

explain neurofibroma

A
  1. mutation of NF1

2. tumor of nerves fibres

18
Q

which nervous system tumor has the NF2 and which one NF1 mutation?

A

NF1: neurofibroma
NF2: schwannoma

19
Q

familal tumor syndromes

A
  1. cowden syndrom
  2. li-fraumeni sindrome
  3. turcot syndrom
  4. grolin syndrom
20
Q

explain cowden syndrom

A

dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytomas due to PTEN mutation

21
Q

explain Li-fraumeni syndrom

A

medulloblastoma due to p53 mutation

22
Q

explain Turcot syndrom

A

medulloblastoma or galgioma due to APC mutation

23
Q

explain gorlin syndrom

A

Medulloblastoma due to PTCH mutation

24
Q

which tumor syndromes are associated with medulloblastoma?

A
  1. li-fraumeni
  2. Turcos
  3. gorlin

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