Patho 2: Common Paths UL 1 Flashcards
Muscles of rotator cuff
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Rotator cuff related shoulder pain types
Sub acromial pain syndrome
RC tendinopathy
RC tear
Explanations for RCRSP
Tendon compression
Tendon over or under use
Genetics
Nutrition
Clinical presentation of RCRSP
Pain
Impairment
Influence of excessive or maladaptive load
Management of RCRSP
Surgery or physio
Exercise
Education
Load modification
Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
Forearm extensor muscles
Risk factors: smoking, obesity
Excessive and repetitive use
Clinical presentation of lateral epicondylitis
Intermittent/continuous pain around lateral epicondyle of elbow
Aggravated by resisted ext/sup/stretching
Medial epicondylitis (golfers elbow)
Affects common origin of flexors and pronators of forearm
Pronator teres and FCR
Clinical presentation of medial epicondylitis
Tender and pain
Aggravated by resisted flexion, pronation, valgus stress, stretching
Can involved ulnar nerve
De quervains tenosynovitis
Reactive thickening of tendon sheath around EPB and APL
Idiopathic or overuse of thumb
Pathophysiology of De quervains tenosynovitis
Inflammation of synovial sheaths of EPB and APL
Swelling——>thickening
Adhesions restrict normal tendon movement
Enclosed tendons restricted
Clinical presentation of De quervains tenosynovitis
Pain on radial side
Aggravated by resisted thumb ext/abd on stretching tendons
Pain on palpitations
Physiotherapy Management
Splinting Load management Education Exercise Taping/Bracing
Other/medical managements
NSAIDS
Shockwave therapy
Corticosteroid injections
Surgery
Strains
Muscle/tendon injury- over contracting/lengthening tears collagen
Grade 1,2,3
Common over two joint muscles
Common in eccentric phase
Common in muscles with more type 2 fibres
Strain management
Police Mobilisation Strength/Loading Proprioception Endurance training Surgery
Sprains
Stretch/tear of ligament
Joint forced outside normal ROM and inelastic fibres stretched too far
Grade 1,2,3
Management of sprains
Police Early mobilisation Weight bearing Exercise Education Return to sport Surgery
Carpal tunnel (Peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome)
median nerve compressed
Contributions: oedema, tendon inflammation, hormonal changes, manual activity
Carpal tunnel risk factors
Diabetes 1,2 Menopause Hypothyroidism Obesity Arthritis Pregnancy
Carpal tunnel prognosis
Mild-moderate respond well to conservative treatment
Severe- require surgery
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Intermittent nocturnal parastheisa Loss of sensation Weakness of muscles innervated by median nerve Pain Difficulty with fine motor tasks
Carpal tunnel management
Education Load management Splinting Exercise Corticosteroid injections Surgery
