Path-Paraneoplastic Syndromes Flashcards
Describe acanthosis nigricans
Hyperpigmented velvety plaques in axilla and neck
What cancers is acanthosis nigricans most commonly associated with?
-Acanthosis nigricans is also associated with what other diseases?
- Gastric adenocarcinomas and other visceral malignancies
- More commonly associated with obesity and insulin resistance
Describe the sign of Leser-Trelat
Sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses
The Leser-Trelat sign is most commonly associated with what cancers?
Gastric adenocarcinomas and other visceral malignancies
What are the 2 possible mechanisms that lead to hypercalcemia?
-What cancer(s) is each mechanism associated with?
- PTHrP -> Squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, head, and neck, renal, bladder, breast, and ovarian carcinomas
- Excess vitamin D3 (active form/calcitriol) -> Lymphomas
What is Cushing syndrome?
Increased ACTH
Cushing syndrome is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Small cell lung cancer
Hyponatriemia (SIADH) is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Small cell lung cancer
What is polycythemia?
Increased EPO -> increased RBCs
Polycythemia is most commonly associated with what cancers?
Renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, leiomyoma
What is pure red cell aplasia?
Anemia with low reticulocyte count
Pure red cell aplasia is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Thymoma
What is Good syndrome?
Hypogammaglobulinemia
Good syndrome is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Thymoma
What is Trousseau syndrome?
Migratory superficial thrombophlebitis
Trousseau syndrome is most commonly associated with what cancers?
Adenocarcinoma, especially pancreatic
What is nonbacterial thrombotic (marantic) endocarditis?
Deposition of sterile platelet thrombi on heart valves
Nonbacterial thrombotic (marantic) endocarditis is most commonly associated with what cancers?
Adenocarcinomas, especially pancreatic
What are the symptoms of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis?
Psychiatric disturbance, memory deficits, seizures, dyskinesias, autonomic instability, language dysfx
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Ovarian teratoma
What are the symptoms of opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome?
“Dancing eyes, dancing feet”
Opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome is most commonly associated with what cancer in ADULTS?
Small cell lung cancer
Opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome is most commonly associated with what cancer in CHILDREN?
Neuroblastoma
What is the mechanism of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration?
Abs against Ags in Purkinje cells
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration is most commonly associated with what cancers
-What are the Abs associated with each?
- Small cell lung cancer (anti-Hu)
- Gynecologic and breast cancers (anti-Yo)
- Hodgkin lymphoma (anti-Tr)
What is the mechanism of paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis?
Abs against Hu Ags in neurons
Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Small cell lung cancer
What is the mechanism of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome?
Abs against PRE-synaptic (P/Q-type) Ca channels at NMJ
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Small cell lung cancer
What is the mechanism of myasthenia gravis?
Abs against POST-synaptic Ach receptors at NMJ
Myasthenia gravis is most commonly associated with what cancer?
Thymoma
