PASTest Flashcards
management of Erb’s palsy?
physiotherapy
Management is physiotherapy involvement, and exercises are given to the parents to help strengthen the arm. Erb’s palsy is self-resolving
baby check all normal except for slightly reduced tone in the left arm and reduced Moro reflex on the left.
what is this?
Erb’s palsy
severe haemophilia A management?
factor VIII
haemophilia B management?
factor IX
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
X-linked recessive disease
proximal weakness
Myotonic Muscular dystrophy
progressive muscle weakness
in cases of child sexual abuse
presenting to GP what do you do?
refer urgently for forensic exam
refer to social services
and safeguarding
what is achondroplasia?
Activation of the fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGF3) receptor
short limbs/stature
big head
Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene cause
Marfan syndrome
reduced elasticity
klumpke palsy
claw hand
trauma to lower end of brachial plexus
what nerves are damaged in erb’s palsy?
musculocutaneous
radial
axillary
The muscles supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve [C5, 6 (and 7)], the radial nerve [C5, 6 (7, 8 and T1)] and the axillary nerve (C5, 6) are paralysed.
audible wheeze, cough and unilateral wheeze on auscultation
otherwise well child no past illness points to?
inhaled foreign body
otitis media with effusion
conductive hearing loss
bacteria can esily get in to kids ears
pavlik harness complications?
<6 month try splint first
Avascular necrosis
femoral nerve palsy
5 year old with chickenpox
very clinically unwell
how to manage?
IV fluclox and IV aciclovir
newborn respiratory distress syndrome?
prematurity
diabetes in mother is a risk factor
elevated maternla anti-dsdna and anti-nuclear antibody would mean what in newborn?
potential conduction heart block
social anxiety in young children how to manage?
group / individual CBT
retinoblastoma
leucocoria
absent red reflex
RB1 gene on chromosome 13
100% survival with treatment but risk of secondary cancers
harsh systolic murmur - left sternal border
cyanotic
clubbing of fingers
right ventricular hypertrophy
child protection plan
children at significant risk of harm
double bubble sign - trisomy 21
bilious vomit
duodenal atresia
intracerebral haemorrhage in a neonate - home birth
why?
vitamin K deficiency
what is osgood-schlatter?
apophysitis caused by traction which results in numerous microscopic fractures
at the tibial tuberosity
before ossification is complete
self harm in a teen how to manage?
CBT
medication is not first line as the intervention to reduce self self
deficiency in homogenestic acid oxidase
alkaptounria
brown/black discolouration of urine
excess ____ = in urine
must odour of skin and hair due to ____
phenylketonuria
> excess in urine
> accumulation
what is a deficiency that affects _____ synthesis?
porphyria
acute / cutaneous (abdo pain, psych symptoms, breath problems)
what is henoch-schonlein purpura?
small vessel vasculitis -
IgA deposits in small vessels of the skin and GI, kidneys
= palpable purpura, arthralgia, abdo pain/renal involvement
viral URTI how to differ from Bronchiolitis?
bronch more common in <18
also if there is wheeze / signficant resp compromise it is not viral URTI
what can sometimes present bleeding problems with normal haematological values?
Connective tissue disease - Ehler’s danlos
ocular/ cutaneous haemorrhages, hypermobile joints, increased skin elasticity
infantile pyloric stenosis presentation in A&E
hypokalaemic hypocholermic alkalosis
second most common paediatric malignancy
ependymoma
most common intracranial tumour in adults?
glioblastoma
where is a cystic hygroma commonly found?
lymphatic collection in left posterior triangle of the neck
what is important for the differentiate of external genitalia?
dihydrotestosterone
testosterone for developing male repro system
absence of 5a reductase can lead to feminisation of tissues
conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia management
phototherapy - single
urseodeoxycholic acid - reduces serum bilirubin
