passmed 22/01/24

Question 1

heel prick tests for what?
when is it done?

Answer 1

5
sickle cell disease
cystic fibrosis
congenital hypothyroidism
PKU
medium chain acyl coA dehydrogenase deficiency

MCADD
5th-9th days

Question 2

infantile colic

Answer 2

excessive crying
worse in evenings

resolves around 6 month

Question 3

whooping cough mx

presents?

Answer 3

macrolide
azithryomycin

Question 4

risk factors for febrile convulsions?

Answer 4

age of onset <18 months
fever <39
family hx

2.5% risk of epilepsy developing

Question 5

epilepsy link w febrile convulsions?

Answer 5

fhx
complex febrile seizures
background of neurodevelopmental disorder

Question 6

paedriatric GI disorders
appendicitis
leucocytes in urine

Answer 6

inflamed appendix can cause ureteral inflammation > leukocyte release

protein

Question 7

abdo distension prem baby
USS free fluid and small bowel dilatation

ddx?
mx?

Answer 7

necrotising enterocolitis

laparotomy

Question 8

sore throat and fever
periumbilical pain
diarrhoea > blood stained
target sign

dx?
mx?

Answer 8

intussusception caused by lymphadenopathy

reduction using air fluroscopic guidance

Question 9

pyloric stenosis mx?

Answer 9

ramstedt pyloromyotomy

Question 10

mesenteric adenitis

Answer 10

central abdo pain and URTI
conservative mx

Question 11

hirschsprung’s disease

how to diagnose?

mx?

Answer 11

absence of ganglion cells from myenteric and submucosal plexuses

full-thickness rectal biopsy

rectal washout > anorectal pull through

Question 12

meconium ileus mx

Answer 12

PR contrast
NG n-acetyl cysteine

Question 13

wilms’ tumour

Answer 13

most common childhood malignancy
<5

associated w beckwidth widemann

Question 14

wilms tumour features

Answer 14

abdo mass
painless haematuria
flank pain
unilateral
anorexia
mets > lungs

Question 15

autosomal recessive conditions tend to be

Answer 15

metabolic

except for ataxias

Question 16

autosomal dominant conditions are structural except for

Answer 16

except for hunters and G6pd - x linked recessive

Question 17

is huntingtons dominant?

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

is myotonic dystrophy autosmal dominant?

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

kawasaki disease
CRASH

BURN

Answer 19

conjunctivitis
rash
adenopathy
strawberry tongue
hands and feet

burn fever >5 days

Question 20

possible causes of enuresis

Answer 20

constipation
diabetes
UTI

Question 21

TOBY therapeutic cooling trial

Answer 21

encephalopathic state due to hypoxic-ischaemic insult

3-4 degrees reduction associated with improving survival following perinatal asphyxia without neurodevelopmental disability

moderate to severe HIE

Question 22

shaken baby syndrome

Answer 22

retinal haemorrhages
subdural haemorrhages
encephalopathy

Question 23

why is subdural haematoma common in babies?

Answer 23

bridging cerebral veins are fragile

Question 24

cow’s mik allergy

Answer 24

IgE

regurg
uriticaria
colic
wheeze

Question 25

kocher criteria is used for?

Answer 25

septic arthritis assessment

Non-weight bearing - 1 point
Fever >38.5ºC - 1 point
WCC >12 * 109/L - 1 point
ESR >40mm/hr

Question 26

if pyloric stenosis suspected what would USS show?

Answer 26

The best way to visualise the problem is by using an ultrasound scan which will show hypertrophy of the circular pylorus muscles

Question 27

neonatal hypotonia causes

Answer 27

neonatal sepsis
Werdnig-Hoffman disease (spinal muscular atrophy type 1)
hypothyroidism
Prader-Willi

Question 28

the most common cause of arrest in paeds ?

Answer 28

respiratory - hypoxia

Question 29

measles when can you go back to school?

Answer 29

4 days from rash

Question 30

rubella - when back to school?

Answer 30

5 days from onset of rash

Question 31

what is reye’s syndrome?

Answer 31

aspirin use / sometimes after viral infection
tachypnoea
tiredness
bevahour changes / coma (neuro)

Question 32

acute epiglottis features?

Answer 32

acute onset
resp rate normal
forward lean / stridor

Question 33

atopic eczema affects face / trunk
why?

Answer 33

these areas are more exposed to environmental allergens and irritants

Question 34

acute epiglottis mx?

Answer 34

a-e assessment
secure airway

Question 36

How to treat CF

Answer 36

Lumacaftor Orkambi
F508 mutation

These drugs are CFTR modulators

Question 37

IvacaftorMOA

Answer 37

Potentiatorof CFTR
Keeps channel open allowingbpassage of Chloride ions

Question 38

Pain and tenderness over tibial tubercle
Unilateral

Answer 38

Osgood schlatter

Question 39

Softening of cartilage of patella

Answer 39

Chondromalacia patallae

Question 40

Intermittent lock and swelling

Answer 40

Osteochondrotis dissectans

Knee joint detached due to lack of blood supply
Fragment and cartilage moves around causing swelling and locking