passmed 22/01/24 Flashcards
heel prick tests for what?
when is it done?
5
sickle cell disease
cystic fibrosis
congenital hypothyroidism
PKU
medium chain acyl coA dehydrogenase deficiency
MCADD
5th-9th days
infantile colic
excessive crying
worse in evenings
resolves around 6 month
whooping cough mx
presents?
macrolide
azithryomycin
risk factors for febrile convulsions?
age of onset <18 months
fever <39
family hx
2.5% risk of epilepsy developing
epilepsy link w febrile convulsions?
fhx
complex febrile seizures
background of neurodevelopmental disorder
paedriatric GI disorders
appendicitis
leucocytes in urine
inflamed appendix can cause ureteral inflammation > leukocyte release
protein
abdo distension prem baby
USS free fluid and small bowel dilatation
ddx?
mx?
necrotising enterocolitis
laparotomy
sore throat and fever
periumbilical pain
diarrhoea > blood stained
target sign
dx?
mx?
intussusception caused by lymphadenopathy
reduction using air fluroscopic guidance
pyloric stenosis mx?
ramstedt pyloromyotomy
mesenteric adenitis
central abdo pain and URTI
conservative mx
hirschsprung’s disease
how to diagnose?
mx?
absence of ganglion cells from myenteric and submucosal plexuses
full-thickness rectal biopsy
rectal washout > anorectal pull through
meconium ileus mx
PR contrast
NG n-acetyl cysteine
wilms’ tumour
most common childhood malignancy
<5
associated w beckwidth widemann
wilms tumour features
abdo mass
painless haematuria
flank pain
unilateral
anorexia
mets > lungs
autosomal recessive conditions tend to be
metabolic
except for ataxias
autosomal dominant conditions are structural except for
except for hunters and G6pd - x linked recessive
is huntingtons dominant?
yes
is myotonic dystrophy autosmal dominant?
yes
kawasaki disease
CRASH
BURN
conjunctivitis
rash
adenopathy
strawberry tongue
hands and feet
burn fever >5 days
possible causes of enuresis
constipation
diabetes
UTI
TOBY therapeutic cooling trial
encephalopathic state due to hypoxic-ischaemic insult
3-4 degrees reduction associated with improving survival following perinatal asphyxia without neurodevelopmental disability
moderate to severe HIE
shaken baby syndrome
retinal haemorrhages
subdural haemorrhages
encephalopathy
why is subdural haematoma common in babies?
bridging cerebral veins are fragile
cow’s mik allergy
IgE
regurg
uriticaria
colic
wheeze
kocher criteria is used for?
septic arthritis assessment
Non-weight bearing - 1 point
Fever >38.5ºC - 1 point
WCC >12 * 109/L - 1 point
ESR >40mm/hr
if pyloric stenosis suspected what would USS show?
The best way to visualise the problem is by using an ultrasound scan which will show hypertrophy of the circular pylorus muscles
neonatal hypotonia causes
neonatal sepsis
Werdnig-Hoffman disease (spinal muscular atrophy type 1)
hypothyroidism
Prader-Willi
the most common cause of arrest in paeds ?
respiratory - hypoxia
measles when can you go back to school?
4 days from rash
rubella - when back to school?
5 days from onset of rash
what is reye’s syndrome?
aspirin use / sometimes after viral infection
tachypnoea
tiredness
bevahour changes / coma (neuro)
acute epiglottis features?
acute onset
resp rate normal
forward lean / stridor
atopic eczema affects face / trunk
why?
these areas are more exposed to environmental allergens and irritants
acute epiglottis mx?
a-e assessment
secure airway
How to treat CF
Lumacaftor Orkambi
F508 mutation
These drugs are CFTR modulators
IvacaftorMOA
Potentiatorof CFTR
Keeps channel open allowingbpassage of Chloride ions
Pain and tenderness over tibial tubercle
Unilateral
Osgood schlatter
Softening of cartilage of patella
Chondromalacia patallae
Intermittent lock and swelling
Osteochondrotis dissectans
Knee joint detached due to lack of blood supply
Fragment and cartilage moves around causing swelling and locking
