passmed 22/01/24 Flashcards by Lisa Azizi

heel prick tests for what?
when is it done?

5
sickle cell disease
cystic fibrosis
congenital hypothyroidism
PKU
medium chain acyl coA dehydrogenase deficiency

MCADD
5th-9th days

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infantile colic

excessive crying
worse in evenings

resolves around 6 month

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whooping cough mx

presents?

macrolide
azithryomycin

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risk factors for febrile convulsions?

age of onset <18 months
fever <39
family hx

2.5% risk of epilepsy developing

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epilepsy link w febrile convulsions?

fhx
complex febrile seizures
background of neurodevelopmental disorder

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paedriatric GI disorders
appendicitis
leucocytes in urine

inflamed appendix can cause ureteral inflammation > leukocyte release

protein

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abdo distension prem baby
USS free fluid and small bowel dilatation

ddx?
mx?

necrotising enterocolitis

laparotomy

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sore throat and fever
periumbilical pain
diarrhoea > blood stained
target sign

dx?
mx?

intussusception caused by lymphadenopathy

reduction using air fluroscopic guidance

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pyloric stenosis mx?

ramstedt pyloromyotomy

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mesenteric adenitis

central abdo pain and URTI
conservative mx

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hirschsprung’s disease

how to diagnose?

mx?

absence of ganglion cells from myenteric and submucosal plexuses

full-thickness rectal biopsy

rectal washout > anorectal pull through

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meconium ileus mx

PR contrast
NG n-acetyl cysteine

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wilms’ tumour

most common childhood malignancy
<5

associated w beckwidth widemann

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wilms tumour features

abdo mass
painless haematuria
flank pain
unilateral
anorexia
mets > lungs

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autosomal recessive conditions tend to be

metabolic

except for ataxias

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autosomal dominant conditions are structural except for

except for hunters and G6pd - x linked recessive

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is huntingtons dominant?

yes

is myotonic dystrophy autosmal dominant?

yes

kawasaki disease
CRASH

BURN

conjunctivitis
rash
adenopathy
strawberry tongue
hands and feet

burn fever >5 days

possible causes of enuresis

constipation
diabetes
UTI

TOBY therapeutic cooling trial

encephalopathic state due to hypoxic-ischaemic insult

3-4 degrees reduction associated with improving survival following perinatal asphyxia without neurodevelopmental disability

moderate to severe HIE

shaken baby syndrome

retinal haemorrhages
subdural haemorrhages
encephalopathy

why is subdural haematoma common in babies?

bridging cerebral veins are fragile

cow’s mik allergy

IgE

regurg
uriticaria
colic
wheeze

kocher criteria is used for?

septic arthritis assessment Non-weight bearing - 1 point Fever >38.5ºC - 1 point WCC >12 * 109/L - 1 point ESR >40mm/hr

if pyloric stenosis suspected what would USS show?

The best way to visualise the problem is by using an ultrasound scan which will show hypertrophy of the circular pylorus muscles

neonatal hypotonia causes

neonatal sepsis Werdnig-Hoffman disease (spinal muscular atrophy type 1) hypothyroidism Prader-Willi

the most common cause of arrest in paeds ?

respiratory - hypoxia

measles when can you go back to school?

4 days from rash

rubella - when back to school?

5 days from onset of rash

what is reye's syndrome?

aspirin use / sometimes after viral infection tachypnoea tiredness bevahour changes / coma (neuro)

acute epiglottis features?

acute onset resp rate normal forward lean / stridor

atopic eczema affects face / trunk why?

these areas are more exposed to environmental allergens and irritants

acute epiglottis mx?

a-e assessment secure airway

How to treat CF

Lumacaftor Orkambi F508 mutation These drugs are CFTR modulators

IvacaftorMOA

Potentiatorof CFTR Keeps channel open allowingbpassage of Chloride ions

Pain and tenderness over tibial tubercle Unilateral

Osgood schlatter

Softening of cartilage of patella

Chondromalacia patallae

Intermittent lock and swelling

Osteochondrotis dissectans Knee joint detached due to lack of blood supply Fragment and cartilage moves around causing swelling and locking