pastest

Question 1

a woman that had her thyroid taken out - she is unable to hit high notes and has left vocal cord that fails to elongate during phonation

what nerve is likely to be damaged?

Answer 1

External branch of superior laryngeal nerve - cricothryoid is the only muscle that elongates the vocal cord

Question 2

Lump in midline that moves on swelling and profusion of tongue

Answer 2

Thryoglossal - in a young other well patient this is always the most likely diagnosis

Question 3

Attachment to both sides of the conus elasticus (cricothryoid membrane)

Answer 3

cricoid cartilage

Question 4

Give anterior attachment to vocal folds

Answer 4

thyroid cattilage

Question 5

Give posterior attachment to the quadrangular membrane

Answer 5

arytenoid cartilage

Question 6

What structure is closely related to the root of the tongue?

Answer 6

Epiglottis

Question 7

what is the difference between bells palsy and a stroke?

Answer 7

Bells palsy directly affects the fascial nerve so has the potential to affect the face completely

stroke can only affect the upper part of the face

Question 8

What are vocal cord nodules frequently known as?

Answer 8

Singers nodules and are small, hard growths on the vocal cords due to vocal abuse.

Question 9

Why can lemon juice be used to confirm a diagnosis of a parotid duct calculus?

Answer 9

stimulate parotid gland to secrete saliva into parotid duct, but it obstructs lumen so causes pain