Past q from lab Flashcards

1
Q

First step of Gr stain:

A

Crystal violet

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2
Q

Fixation of smear during Gr staining:

A

96% ethanol

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3
Q

Gr pos bacteria stain:

A

Purple

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4
Q

Gr neg bacteria stain

A

Pink

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5
Q

We can differentiate staphylococci from streptococci on the basis of oxidase production

A

False

Both negative

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6
Q

We can differentiate staphylococci from streptococci on the basis of catalase production

A

True
Staph: pos
Strep: neg

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7
Q

Equine strangles is caused by

A

Streptococcus equi ssp. equi

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8
Q

Morel disease of sheep is caused by

A

Staphylococcus aureus ssp. anaerobius

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9
Q

Staphylococcus can tolerate what NaCl concentration

A

up to 10%

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10
Q

Greasy pig disease is caused by

A

Staph hyicus

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11
Q

Staph aureus ssp anaerbius is catalase

A

Negative

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12
Q

Scarlet fever + Hu erysipelas is caused by

A

Strep pyogenes

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13
Q

Lactobacilli prefer pH

A

5.5-6.2

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14
Q

Staph aureus needs CO2 for capsule production?

A

False

No capsule

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15
Q

Lactobacilli is used for

A

Diary products

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16
Q

Strep is catalase/oxidase

A

Both neg

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17
Q

Which is more fastidious: strep or staph

A

Strep

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18
Q

E. rhusiopathiae found in

A

Su, Ov, Av, Hu

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19
Q

Listeria monocytogenes is catalase

A

Cat pos

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20
Q

E. rhusiopathiae morphology?

A

No thin rod/filament

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21
Q

L. monocytogenes is hemolytic bacterium

A

Beta-hemolytic

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22
Q

Nitrate ? Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strains can infect sheep/goats?

A

Nitrate negative

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23
Q

E. rhusiopathiae flagellated?

A

False

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24
Q

L. monocytogenes gives what in Bo?

A

Abortion

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25
Q

Rhodococcus equi found in

A

Soil

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26
Q

R colonies of E. rhusiopathiae forms ? in broth

A

Sediment

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27
Q

L. monocytogenes has flagella at what temp

A

22 C

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28
Q

R. equi produces any pigment?

A

Pink pigment

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29
Q

Corynebact pseudotuberculosis Nitrate negative biotype infects

A

Cap/Ov

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30
Q

Equine ulcerative lymphadenitis caused by

A

C. pseudotuberculosis

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31
Q

Su erysipelas is caused by

A

E. rhusiopathiae

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32
Q

Corynebacterium diphteria causes disease in

A

Humans: diphteria

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33
Q

E. rhusiopathiae causes what in birds?

A

Septicaemia

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34
Q

E. rhusiopathiae S colonies form what in broth

A

Turbidity

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35
Q

Selective medium for E. rhusiopathiae

A

NaN3, CV

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36
Q

R. equi capsule, pigment

A

Both (pink pigment)

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37
Q

Corynebacterium diphteria can produce

A

Exotoxins

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38
Q

Main diseases of Listeria

A

Abortion, encephalitis, septicaemia

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39
Q

Mycobacterium avium ssp. avium has what type of colonies on solid medium?

A

Cream-like

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40
Q

Mycobacterium are what kind of fast bactera?

A

Acid and alcohol fast

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41
Q

What staining can be used on mycobacterium?

A

Ziehl-Neelsen

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42
Q

What causes human leprosy

A

M. leprae

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43
Q

Give flagella status of mycobacteria

A

Most have no flagella

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44
Q

Dermatophilus are found where on inf animals

A

Skin

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45
Q

Nocardia asteroides produces what pigment

A

Carotenoid: orange ish

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46
Q

What causes Bo lumpy jaw

A

Actinomyces bovis

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47
Q

Actinobaculum suis can cause what in pigs

A

Pyelonephritis

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48
Q

Trueperella pyogenes can cause what in Bo

A

Arthritis, mastitis

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49
Q

What colour are Ziehl-Neelsen positive bacteria

A

Pink

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50
Q

Give air requirements of Mycobacteria:

A

Obligate aerobic

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51
Q

Mycobacterium bovis incubation time

A

4-8 weeks

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52
Q

Nocardia asteroides is found

A

In soil

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53
Q

Give air requirements of nocardia asteroides

A

Obligate aerobic

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54
Q

Actinomyces hordeovulneris can cause what in dogs

A

Pericarditis

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55
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis forms what on broth surface

A

Thin film

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56
Q

Mycobacterium bovis forms what on broth surface

A

Islands

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57
Q

Infectious form of what bacteria is a zoospore

A

Dermatophilus

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58
Q

Mycobacterium is catalase

A

Neg

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59
Q

Enterobacteriaceae can be found

A

GI tract
Genital tract
Resp tract
Environment

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60
Q

Enterobacteriacea are gram

A

Neg

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61
Q

Give air requirements of Enterobacteriaceae

A

Aerobic or facultative anaerobic

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62
Q

Enterobacteria are oxi

A

Neg

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63
Q

What enterobacteriaceae are non-motile

A

Shigella, Klebsiella

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64
Q

MacConkey agar contains what carbon source

A

Lactose

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65
Q

E.coli strains fimbrial antigens swine

A

F4, 6, 18

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66
Q

E.coli strains fimbrial antigens cattle

A

F5, 17, 41

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67
Q

E.coli can cause what in calves?

A

Septicaemia

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68
Q

Bismuth sulfide agar is used to isolate

A

Salmonella

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69
Q

E.coli strains isolated from calf can

A

hemolysis

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70
Q

E.coli strains isolated from swine can

A

form capsule

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71
Q

E.coli can cause edema disease in

A

Weaned piglets

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72
Q

E.coli is indole

A

Pos

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73
Q

Salmonella are fastidious or nah

A

Nah

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74
Q

Salmonella enteritidis is subspecies or species

A

Subspecies

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75
Q

S. cholerasuis gives what disease in pigs

A

Paratyphoid

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76
Q

Y. pseudotuberculosis produces flagella at what temp

A

22 C

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77
Q

Give air requirements for Fusobacteria

A

Obligate anaerobic

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78
Q

Foot rot of sheep is caused by

A

D. nodus

F. Necrophorum ssp necroforum

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79
Q

Salmonella is found where

A

Gut, sewage, water, food

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80
Q

Salmonella OF test

A

Fermentative

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81
Q

Human typhus is caused by

A

Rickettsia

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82
Q

Y. enterocolitica causes cross-reaction with

A

Brucella sp: O9 serogroups

–> cell wall

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83
Q

Serratia Marescens produces what at low temp?

A

Pigment: RED

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84
Q

Fusobacteria need what during culturing?

A

CO2

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85
Q

What causes necrobacillosis

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum ssp necrophorum

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86
Q

What salmonellas don’t have flagella

A

S. gallinarum, S. pullorum

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87
Q

Optimal temp for Y. pseudotuberculosis

A

30 C

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88
Q

Y. pseudotuberculosis does not affect

A

Ca, Fe

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89
Q

How many salmonella species are there

A

2

Salmonella Enterica and Salmonella Bongori

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90
Q

P multocida hemolysis?

A

Nope

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91
Q

P. pneumotropica can cause what in lab rodents

A

Pneumonia

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92
Q

B. trehalosi causes what in feedlot lambs

A

Acute systemic pasteurellosis

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93
Q

Shipping fever in cattle is caused by

A

Mannheimia haemolytica

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94
Q

What is the causative agent for contagious equine metritis (CEM)?

A

Taylorella equigenitalis

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95
Q

Su hemorrhagic necrotic pleuropneumonia is caused bu

A

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

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96
Q

What is the causative agent of Glässer disease in piglets

A

Haemophilus parasuis

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97
Q

Histophilus somni needs what for culturing

A

CO2

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98
Q

Pasteurella members are found on what mucous membranes

A

Respiratory

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99
Q

Pasteurella cat/oxi

A

both pos

100
Q

How many capsule types does P. multocida have

A

Five

101
Q

Atrophic rhinitis in swine caused by

A

P. multocida D, Bordetella bronchiseptica

102
Q

What low-selectivity agar can Mannheimia haemolytica grow on?

A

MacConkey

103
Q

Actinobacillus equuli can cause what in adult horses?

A

Pyosepticaemia

104
Q

Two things avibacterium paragallinarum needs during culturing?

A

CO2 and V-factor

105
Q

Actinobacillus suis has what hemolysis on blood agar

A

Beta

106
Q

What species is the most susceptible to Roemerella anatipestifer infection?

A

Water fowl

107
Q

Which P. multocida causes sepitcaemia in Rabbit

A

A, D

108
Q

Actinobacillus causes what hemolysis

A

None

109
Q

A. pleuropneumoniae biotype 1 needs what for propagation

A

V-factor

ø CO2

110
Q

O. rhinotracheale can be found on mm of where and in what animals

A

Respiratory tract

Turkey and chicken

111
Q

Is pasteurella non-fastidious

A

Very fastidious

Cannot culture on nutrient broth or agar or MacConkey

112
Q

How many cell wall antigens does P. multocida have in Heddleston and Namioka system

A

Heddleston: 16
Namioka: 11

113
Q

P. multocida can cause fowl …?

A

Cholera

114
Q

B. trehalosi can cause what in 4-10 month old lambs

A

Septicaemia

115
Q

A. paragallinarium needs what for propagation

A

CO2 and V-factor

116
Q

O. rhinotracheale wants how much CO2?

A

10%

117
Q

P. multocida has a smell?

A

Yes, like chestnut

118
Q

M. haemolytica causes what in Bo

A

Arthritis

119
Q

Taylorella equigenitalis can be found where

A

Mm of stallion genitals and clitoris of mares

120
Q

A. seminis can cause what disease?

A

Epididymitis

121
Q

Pasteurellaceae are cat/oxi

A

Both pos

Ornithobact is Cat neg

122
Q

Haemophilus influenzae causes what disease?

A

Hu upper resp tract disease

Meningitis

123
Q

What can P. multocida D produce

A

Cytotoxin: dermonecrotoxin

124
Q

Mannheimia haemolytica and Bibersteinia trehalosi can produce

A

Leukotoxin

125
Q

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae has two biotypes according to what?

A

V-factor demand

126
Q

Which pasteurellas live in canine/feline oral cav and can give wound infections after biting?

A

P. canis
P. dagmatis
P. stomatis

127
Q

Porcine polyserositis is what

A

Glässer disease

Haemophilus parasuis

128
Q

What is the causative agent of infectious coryza of hens

A

Avibacterium paragallinarum

129
Q

Pasteurella spp have what type of gram staining

A

Bipolar Gr-

130
Q

What colour are Köster pos bacteria

A

Red

131
Q

What conc sulphuric acid is used in Köster staining?

A

0.5%

132
Q

Give air requirements of Brucella melitensis

A

Obligate aerobic

133
Q

What pigments are produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Piocyanine and Fluorescein

134
Q

What is the causative agent of tularaemia

A

Francisella tularensis

135
Q

Bordetella bronchiseptica can cause what in Rabbits

A

Pneumonia

136
Q

Brucella can be stained by what special stain?

A

Köster

137
Q

What conc safranin is used in Köster

A

3%

138
Q

Give air requirements of Brucella

A

Obligate aerobic

Also needs CO2

139
Q

Glanders is caused by…?

A

Burkholderia mallei

140
Q

Give flagella status in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

1 polar flagella

141
Q

Francisella needs what for culturing

A

Cysteine or cystine

142
Q

Brucella can be found

A

In infected animals and their direct environment only

143
Q

Brucella S-colonies

A

B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. suis

144
Q

Brucella R-colonies

A

B. ovis, B. canis

145
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause what in fur animals?

A

Septicaemia

146
Q

Aeromonas hydrophila optimal temp

A

28 flagella

147
Q

Aeromonas salmonicida optimal temp

A

20

148
Q

Aeromonas salmonicida pigment

A

Dark brown

149
Q

Aeromonas salmonicida causes what

A

Furunculosis

150
Q

Moraxella ovis in smear

A

Cocci in pairs

151
Q

Is B. ovis a zoonosis

A

Nem

152
Q

Is B. mallei widespread in environment

A

No but B. pseudomallei is

153
Q

Give flagella status of B. pseudomallei

A

It has

154
Q

Moraxella ovis can cause what in calves and sheep

A

Pneumonia

155
Q

Can brucella multiply in environment

A

Ney

156
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes what in doggos

A

Otitis externa

157
Q

F. tularensis air requirements and cat/oxi

A

Obligate aerobe
Cat pos
Oxi neg

158
Q

Brucella fastidious yes or no

A

yep

159
Q

Brucella is cat/oxi

A

both pos

160
Q

Brucella spp cause mainly what in ruminants

A

Abortion, epididymitis

161
Q

Moraxella bovis cat, oxi, hemolysing

A

Cat/Oxi pos

Hemolysing

162
Q

Pseudomonas pseudomallei causes what disease

A

Melidiosis

163
Q

Brucella has special additives?

A

Vitamin B1 and B12

164
Q

What brucella spp needs CO2

A

B. abortus and B. ovis

165
Q

Brucella selective cultures

A

Polymyxin, bacitracin, cycloheximide

166
Q

Francisella tularensis has cross reaction with

A

Y. pestis and Brucella

167
Q

What Brucella spp can infect Hu?

A

B. melitensis and B. abortus

168
Q

Which bacterial genus can grow on citrate agar

A

Bordetella sp

169
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has resistance for

A

Quaternary ammonium salts

170
Q

Where can Lawsonia intracellularis be cultured

A

Enterocyte culture

171
Q

Helicobacter pylori can cause what in humans

A

Chronic gastritis and ulcers

172
Q

What is the characteristic morphology of Spirochaetes?

A

Thin helical filaments, no flagella

173
Q

Campylobacter air requirements

A

6% O2
10% CO2
84% N2

174
Q

Causative agents of Lyme disease in Humans

A

B. burgdorferi
B. afzelii
B. garinii

175
Q

What other animals can get Lyme disease

A

Ca and Eq

176
Q

Give air requirements for brachyspira hyodysenteriae

A

Obligate anaerobic

177
Q

Causative agent of human syphilis

A

Treponema pallidum

178
Q

Vibrio sp can be cultured in pH

A

8.6

179
Q

Vibrio parahaemolyticus can cause disease in what animals

A

Sea animals

180
Q

Campylobacter fetus spp venerealis causes what disease

A

Bo abortion and infertility

181
Q

What does Lawsonia intracellularis do to swine

A

Thickening of int wall
Enlargement of mesenteric ln
Necrosis of mucous membrane

182
Q

Motility of spirochaetes

A

Motile: periplasmic flagella

183
Q

Give staining of Borrelia sp

A

Giemsa, Fuchsin, unstained (very hard to culture)

184
Q

Maintenance host of leptospira ichterohaemorrhagiae

A

Ratatouille

185
Q

Leptospira hardjo can cause what in Bo/Ov

A

Abortion

186
Q

Causative agent of swine dysentery

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

187
Q

B. anserina causes what

A

Avian borreliosis

188
Q

Rabbit syphilis is caused by

A

Treponema paraluiscuniculi

189
Q

Give air requirements of brachyspira

A

Obligate anaerobic

190
Q

Swine dysentery bacteria (brachyspira hyodysenteriae) causes what on blood agar

A

beta hemolysis

191
Q

Levaditis silver impregnation is an appropriate staining for

A

Leptospira sp

192
Q

Selective culture of Campylobacter

A

Vancomycin-Polymyxin-Trimethoprim is used

193
Q

Infectious form of Chlamydia sp is what in body

A

Elimentary

194
Q

Chlamydia psittaci can cause what in birds

A

Conjunctivitis

195
Q

Rickettsia, Coxiella can propagate in what cell types?

A

All

196
Q

Ehrlichia and Neorickettsia can propagate in what cell types?

A

Lymphoid and endothel cells

197
Q

Causative agent of Q-fever

A

Coxiella burnetti

198
Q

What bacterium has pleomorphic shape

A

Mycoplasma: no cell wall

199
Q

M. mycoides ssp. mycoides causes what disease in Bo?

A

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia

200
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum causes what in birds

A

Chronic respiratory disease

201
Q

What is the counter stain of Stamp

A

Malachite green

202
Q

Which has higher resistance: reticulate body or elementary body

A

Elementary body

203
Q

What is the causative agent of Trachoma in Humans

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

204
Q

What members of Rickettsiaceae family are obligate cell parasites

A

All

205
Q

Coxiella burnetti (Q-fever) needs vector or nah

A

Nah

206
Q

Cat scratch disease is caused by

A

B. henselae

207
Q

Mycoplasma colonies look like what

A

Fried egg

208
Q

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes what disease of swine

A

Enzootic pneumonia

209
Q

Ornithosis is caused by

A

Chlamydia psittachi

210
Q

Cat haemobartonellosis is caused by

A

M. haemofelis

211
Q

What is the causative agent of Heartwater in Ru

A

Ehrlichia ruminantium

212
Q

Which agar is used to culture fungi

A

Sabouraud agar

213
Q

Mycotoxicosis is caused by

A

Fungal toxins

214
Q

Malassezia pachydermatis has characteristic morphology

A

Bottle shaped

215
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans forms what type of colonies on Sabouraud agar

A

Mucoid colonies

216
Q

F2 toxin causes what in cattle

A

Reduced fertility

217
Q

Equine epizootic lymphangitis is caused by

A

Histoplasma farciminosum

218
Q

Dimorphic fungi has what form in host body

A

Yeast form

219
Q

Stachybotryotoxins cause what in horse

A

Immunosuppression

220
Q

Which has higher resistance, sexual or asexual spores

A

Sexual

221
Q

Which fungi can cause otitis externa in dogs

A

Malassezia pachydermatis

222
Q

Microsporum sp is a member of what family

A

Dermatophytes

223
Q

What colonies does Cryptococcus neoformans form on artifical medium

A

Cannot form cultures

224
Q

Trichophyton verrucosum causes what in cattle

A

Ringworm

225
Q

Aflatoxin is produced by

A

Aspergillus flavus

226
Q

Penicillin is produced by

A

P. notatum

P. chrysogenum

227
Q

Fungi have how many phyla

A
5:
Microspora
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
Blastocladiomycota
Glomeromycota
228
Q

What ribosomal RNA genes are fungi based on

A

18S and 26S

229
Q

Glomeromycota phyla symbioses with who?

A

Plant roots

230
Q

Dermatophytes air requirements

A

Obligate aerobic

231
Q

Ochratoxin is prod by

A

Aspergillus ochraceus

232
Q

Fumonisins cause what in pigs

A

Pulmonary edema

233
Q

Ochraceus causes what in poultry and pigs

A

Kidney degeneration

234
Q

Patulin causes inhibition of what

A

Ruminal flora

235
Q

Fusarium produces what

A

Pigment: pink/orange

236
Q

T2 toxin causes immunosuppression in what animals

A

Cattle, poultry and pigs

237
Q

Fusarium moniliforme can cause what in horses

A

Leukoencephalomalacia

238
Q

What colour colonies does Stachybotrys atra form

A

Black

239
Q

Dimorphic fungi have mould form

A

On media and environment

240
Q

Blastomycosis is caused by

A

B. dermatitis

241
Q

S. schenckii causes what in humans

A

Subcutaneous granulomatosis

242
Q

Batrachocochytrium dendrobatidis causes what in amphibians

A

Chytridiomycosis

243
Q

Dermatophytes are cultured at what temp

A

25C

244
Q

Yeast incubation time

A

1-4 days

245
Q

Dermatophytes incubation time

A

2-4 weeks