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Lab 4 Mycobacterium etc Flashcards

1
Q

Mycobacterium habitat

A

Infected host: obligate pathogens
Environment: facultative pathogens
Soil, water, plants

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2
Q

Mycobacterium morphology and resistance

A

Morpholoy: rods, coccoid, filaments

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3
Q

Mycobacterium cell wall structure

A

Mycolic acids
Lipids, waxes (increases resistance)
Surface proteins: virulence factors

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4
Q

Mycobacterium stains:

A

Gram +
Ziehl-Neelson positive (red)
- Fuchsin binds to lipids
Acid and alkaline fast

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5
Q

Mycobacterium culture:

A 
Obligate aerobic (needs oxygen)
Broth: Henley, Sauton (cord formation)
Solid: egg, serum agar, glycine potato
Selective: petragnani (malachite green)
Inoculation after acid or alkaline treatment
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6
Q

What is different with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis?

A

Needs mycobactin in the culture

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7
Q 
M. tuberculosis 
Incubation time
Shape
Solid medium
Broth
A

3-6 weeks
Slender rods
Dry colonies
Thin film

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8
Q 
M. bovis
Incubation time
Shape
Solid medium
Broth
A

4-8 weeks
Short rods
Wet colonies
Islands

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9
Q 
M. avium subsp. avium
Incubation time
Shape
Solid medium
Broth
A

2-3 weeks
Polymorph
Cream-like colonies
Thick film, sediment

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10
Q

M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis

A

6-12 weeks
Short rods
Wet colonies
Thin film

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11
Q

Mycobacterium antigens

A

Glycolipids, lipoproteins
Cross-reactions within genera (BCG)
Immunoelectrophoresis

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12
Q

Tuberculin, uses

A

Old/New
Used to test for tuberculosis (Mantoux)
Old: broth culture, boiled, filtered, conc
New: purified protein derivate (trichloroacetic acid

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13
Q

Mycobacterium Obligate pathogens

A

Tuberculosis, paratuberculosis

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14
Q

Mycobacterium Facultative pathogens

A

Mycobacteriosis, atypical

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15
Q

3 groups/complexes of mycobacterium

A

M. tuberculosis
M. avium
M. leprae

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16
Q

M. tuberculosis-complex

A 
M. tuberculosis
M. africanum
M. bovis
M. caprae
M. microti
M. pinnipedi
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17
Q

M. tuberculosis

A 
Hu
Su
Ca
Fe
Bo
Parrot
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18
Q

M. africanum

A

Hu
Bo
Su

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19
Q

M. bovis

A 
Hu
Ru
Su
Ca
Fe
BCG vax came from a M.bovis strain
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20
Q

M. caprae

A 
Hu
Ru
Su
Ca
Fe
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21
Q

M. microti

A

Rodents

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22
Q

M. pinnipedi

A

Seals

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23
Q

Pathogenic mycobacteria

A 
M. avium subspecies:
Avium
Paratuberculosis
Silvaticum
Hominissuis
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24
Q

M. avium subsp. avium

A

Bird tuberculosis

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25
Q

M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis

A

Ruminant paratuberculosis (small int)

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26
Q

M. avium subsp. silvaticum

A

Bird tuberculosis, ruminant paratuberculosis

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27
Q

M. avium subsp. hominissuis

A

Su, Hu

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28
Q

M. leprae

A

Human leprosy (spedalskhet)

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29
Q

M. lepraemurium

A

Mouse, rat, Ca, Fe

30
Q

4 groups of facultative pathogens of mycobacterium

non-tuberculous

A
  1. Photochromogens
  2. Scotochromogens
  3. Non-chromogens
  4. Rapid growers
31
Q
  1. Photochromogens
A

Light needed for pigment production
Slow-growing, yellow pigment production
M. kansasii, M. marinum

32
Q
  1. Scotochromogens
A

Light NOT needed for pigment production

M. scrofulaceum, M. gordonae

33
Q
  1. Non-chromogens
A

No pigment is ever produced

M. intracellulare, M. terrae

34
Q
  1. Rapid growers
A

M. phlei, M. fortuitum

35
Q

Nocardia habitat and morphology

A

Habitat: soil
Morphology: long branched filaments, RODS

36
Q

Nocardia culture and pathogenicity:

A

Obligate aerobic
Carotenoid pigments
Aerial filaments

Facultative pathogens
Local lesions, low virulence

37
Q

N. asteroides

A

Bo: chronic suppiration, skin, subcut, mastitis
Ca: general nocardiosis

38
Q

Actinomycetaceae consists of

A

Actinomyces, Trueperella (Arcanobacterium), Actinobaculum

39
Q

Actinomyces

Specific things

A

Sulphur granules
Facultative anaerobic
Blood agar

40
Q

Actinomycetaceae are

A

Facultative pathogens
Heterogenous morphology
Habitat: mucous membranes

41
Q

Actinomyces bovis

A

Bo lumpy jaw

42
Q

Actinomyces hyovaginalis

43
Q

Actinomyces suimastidis

A

Mastitis in Su

44
Q

Actinomyces viscosus

A

Hu/Ca karies (10%CO2)

45
Q

Actinomyces israeli

A

Hu actinomycosis

46
Q

Actinomyces hordeovulneris

A

Ca actinomycosis (epicarditis, pleuritis)

47
Q

Trueperella/Arcanobacterium morphology and culture

A

Morphology: curved rods, coryneform

Culture: blood/serum agar
Beta-hemolysis
Needs protein

48
Q

Trueperella pyogenes

A

Toxin
Local suppuration
Pyometra in dogs, mastitis in Bo

49
Q

Actinobaculum Suis

Habitat, culture, pathogenicity

A

Habitat: preputial mucosa of boars

Culture: anaerobic, blood agar

Pathogenicity: cystitis, pyelonephritis

50
Q

Dermatophilus Congolensis

Habitat, morphology

A

Habitat: soil, skin

Morphology: coccoid - filaments

51
Q

Dermatophilus Congolensis

Culture and sporing

A

Culture: aeribic + capnophilic
Fastidious: blood agar
Zoospore: flagellated spores!

52
Q

Dermatophilus Congolensis virulence and pathogenicity

A

Proteases that damages skin

Exudative dermatitis of Ov, Bo and Hu

53
Q

Streptomyces habitat and morphology and pathogenicity

A

Habitat: soil
Morphology: large, branched filaments
Not pathogenic

54
Q

Streptomyces antibiotic production

A

S. griseus = streptomycin
S. fradiae = neomycin
S. rimosus = oxytetracyclin
S. venezuelae = chloramphenicol

55
Q

Corynebacterium habitat and morphology

A 
Habitat: mucous membranes, skin, milk, soil
Morphology: polymorphism, pleomorphism
Middle-sized rods
Coccoid rods
Curved rods
Coryneform rods

Single, palisade or chinese letters

56
Q

Corynebacterium stain and culture, catalase and oxidase

A

Metachromatic granules: some parts of the bacteria are stained differently
Can look gram-

Blood agar
Beta hemolysis
Catalase +, oxidase -

57
Q

Corynebacterium pathogenicity

A

Local suppuration: lymphadenitis, lymphangitis

Arthritis, metritis, mastitis

58
Q

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis morphology, hemolysis, virulence factors

A

Polymorphic, fimbriae
Beta-hemolysis
V. factors: exotoxins (phospholipase D), lipoids in cell wall

59
Q

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Nitrate negative biotype

A

Ov/Cap: pseudotuberculosis

Abortion, arthritis

60
Q

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Nitrate positive biotype

A

Eq ulcerative lymphangitis

61
Q

C. renale

A

Fimbria, bo (eq/su) pyelonephritis, cystitis

62
Q

C. pilosum

A

Bo pyelonephritis, cystitis

63
Q

C. cystidis

A

Bo hemorrhagic cystitis

64
Q

C. bovis

A

Udder, milk, mastitis, abortion

65
Q

C. kutscheri

66
Q

Rhodococcus Equi

Habitat and morphology

A

Habitat: soil, plants, Eq gut
Morphology: coccus-rod cycle (rod=replication)
CAPSULE

67
Q

Rhodococcus Equi culture

A

Simple: nutrient agar + nutrient broth
Pink pigment: capsule!!
Rough/smooth colonies

68
Q

Rhodococcus Equi pathogenicity

A

Intracellular pathogens
vapA (plasmid, virulent)

Foal: pneumonia, lung abscesses, inflammation of gut wall
Su/Bo: mesenteric lymph node, abscesses
Hu: pneumonia (AIDS)

69
Q

Renibacterium salmoninaruim

Habitat and morphology

A

Habitat: water, fish
Morphology: rods, short chains

70
Q

Renibacterium salmoninaruim culture and pathogenicity

A

Culture: aerobic, 15-18 degrees, fastidious (cysteine, serum)
Obligate pathogenic, intracellular

71
Q

Renibacterium salmoninaruim

Salmon, trout

A

Abcsesses in kidneys and other organs, septicaemia

Bacteriology (13 decks)

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