Lab 2 B. anthracis and Clostridium Flashcards
(41 cards)
Bacillus Habitat morphology
Veg: diseased animals
Spore: environment
Rod, central spore, capsule
No flagella
Bacillus resistance
Veg: several days in carcass, 2 weeks on skin, 4 weeks in BM
Spore: soil - 50 years
Bacillus staining
Gr + Toluidine blue Metachromatic staining: Capsule: pink Bacteria: blue
Bacillus culture
Simple
Bacillus S/R colonies depend on…?
CO2
Bacillus capsule
Capsule (S): poly-D-glutamic acid
= Virulence factor
Inhibits phagocytosis
Requirements for spore formation:
> 15 degrees
Water, oxygen, cations
37 degrees: 16 hrs
18 degrees: 2-3 days
Bacillus biochemistry
Cat +, Oxi -
Bacillus antigens
Capsule
Polysaccharide hapten: heat stabile
Ascoli test
(B.cereus cross reaction)
Edema factor, Lethal factor
B. anthracis pathogenicity
Bo/Ov: fatal peracute/acute septicaemic anthrax
Su: subacute anthrax, pharyngeal edematous swelling
Eq: subacute anthrax with edema, septicaemia with colic/enteritis
Hu: skin, pulmonary and int form
Car/Av resistant
B. cereus
Bo mastitis
Hu food poisoning, eye infections
B. licheniformis
Bo/Ov sporadic abortion
Paenibacillus larvae
Honey bees: americal foulbrood (notifiable disease)
Saprophyte bacilli
B. subtilis
B. megaterium
B. cereus
B. licheniformis (bacitrin)
B. thuringiensis: insect pathogen, pest-control (moth)
Paenibacillus polymyxa
Geobacillus stearothermophilus (heat resistant)
Bacillus without flagella
B. anthracis
Bacillus with capsule prod in air
B. subtilis
B- megaterium
Bacillus with hemolysis
B. cereus
Pathogenic bacillus
B. anthracis
Clostridium habitat, morphology
Soil, mud, water, gut
Rod
Flagella (except C. perfr)
Spore (central, terminal, subterminal)
No capsule!! (Exc. C. perfr)
Clostridium resistance, staining
Veg: like Gr+
Spore: in dry specimens: for years
Clostridium culture
Anaerobic Different oxygen tolerance Agars: nutruent and blood 40-45C: C. perfr 15-22C: C. putrefaciens
Clostridium strict oxygen tolerance (ø)
C. tetani
C. novyi B
Clostridium tolerates oxygen
C. histolyticum
C. botulinum
Clostridium biochemistry
Cat -
Oxi -
OF fer
Active metabolism, carbohydrates are fermented