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Bacteriology > Lab 2 B. anthracis and Clostridium > Flashcards

Lab 2 B. anthracis and Clostridium Flashcards

1
Q

Bacillus Habitat morphology

A

Veg: diseased animals
Spore: environment

Rod, central spore, capsule
No flagella

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2
Q

Bacillus resistance

A

Veg: several days in carcass, 2 weeks on skin, 4 weeks in BM

Spore: soil - 50 years

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3
Q

Bacillus staining

A 
Gr +
Toluidine blue 
Metachromatic staining:
Capsule: pink
Bacteria: blue
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4
Q

Bacillus culture

A

Simple

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5
Q

Bacillus S/R colonies depend on…?

A

CO2

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6
Q

Bacillus capsule

A

Capsule (S): poly-D-glutamic acid
= Virulence factor
Inhibits phagocytosis

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7
Q

Requirements for spore formation:

A

> 15 degrees
Water, oxygen, cations
37 degrees: 16 hrs
18 degrees: 2-3 days

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8
Q

Bacillus biochemistry

A

Cat +, Oxi -

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9
Q

Bacillus antigens

A

Capsule
Polysaccharide hapten: heat stabile

Ascoli test
(B.cereus cross reaction)
Edema factor, Lethal factor

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10
Q

B. anthracis pathogenicity

A

Bo/Ov: fatal peracute/acute septicaemic anthrax
Su: subacute anthrax, pharyngeal edematous swelling
Eq: subacute anthrax with edema, septicaemia with colic/enteritis
Hu: skin, pulmonary and int form
Car/Av resistant

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11
Q

B. cereus

A

Bo mastitis

Hu food poisoning, eye infections

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12
Q

B. licheniformis

A

Bo/Ov sporadic abortion

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13
Q

Paenibacillus larvae

A

Honey bees: americal foulbrood (notifiable disease)

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14
Q

Saprophyte bacilli

A

B. subtilis
B. megaterium
B. cereus
B. licheniformis (bacitrin)
B. thuringiensis: insect pathogen, pest-control (moth)
Paenibacillus polymyxa
Geobacillus stearothermophilus (heat resistant)

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15
Q

Bacillus without flagella

A

B. anthracis

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16
Q

Bacillus with capsule prod in air

A

B. subtilis

B- megaterium

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17
Q

Bacillus with hemolysis

18
Q

Pathogenic bacillus

A

B. anthracis

19
Q

Clostridium habitat, morphology

A

Soil, mud, water, gut

Rod
Flagella (except C. perfr)
Spore (central, terminal, subterminal)
No capsule!! (Exc. C. perfr)

20
Q

Clostridium resistance, staining

A

Veg: like Gr+
Spore: in dry specimens: for years

21
Q

Clostridium culture

A 
Anaerobic
Different oxygen tolerance
Agars: nutruent and blood
40-45C: C. perfr
15-22C: C. putrefaciens
22
Q

Clostridium strict oxygen tolerance (ø)

A

C. tetani

C. novyi B

23
Q

Clostridium tolerates oxygen

A

C. histolyticum

C. botulinum

24
Q

Clostridium biochemistry

A

Cat -
Oxi -
OF fer
Active metabolism, carbohydrates are fermented

25
Q

Clostridium without active metabolism

A

C. tetani, C. histolyticum

26
Q

Clostridium proteolytic

A

C. tetani
C. histolyticum
C. botulinum

27
Q

Clostridium antigens

A

Complex, close relationship

28
Q

Clostridium gas gangrenic diseases

A 
Malignant edema: (Bo, Ov, Su)
C. septicum
C. novyi
C. haemolyticum
C. histolyticum
C. sordelli

Blackleg: (Bo, Ov)
C. chauvoei

Human gas gangrene
C. perfr A, C. novyi A

29
Q

Clostridium enterotoxaemic diseases

Toxin types: beta, epsilon, iota
All have toxin type alpha

A

C. perfr A/C: necrotic enteritis of Chicken
C. perfr B: lamB dysentery (BE)
C. perfr C: neCrotic enteritis of Su, struck of Ov (B)
C. perfr D: pulpy kiDney Disease of Ov (E)
C. colinum: ulcerative enteritis of chicken (I)

30
Q

Clostridium intoxications

A

C. tetani

C. botulinum

31
Q

C. tetani
Characteristics
Serotypes, air requirement, flagella
Toxins, susceptibility

A

Rigid paralysis

10 serotypes
Anaerobic, no capsule
Flagellated
Neurotoxin: tetanospasmin, hemolysin, fibrinolysin
Eq/Hu highly susceptible, Ru/Su moderately

32
Q

C. botulinum
Characteristics
Ag toxin types

A

8 Ag toxin types: A-G
ABEF: in soil, activated by trypsin, Hu disease
CD: soil, intestine, disease in other animals

Heat stabile toxins, synaptobrevin in neuromuscular junctions inhibits release of ACh in synapse: flaccid paralysis

33
Q

C. novyi

A

Toxins: alpha, lipase, lectinase, DN-ase, collagenase
Hu gas gangrene: A
Bo/Ov hepatitis

34
Q

C. haemolyticum

A

Bo/Ov hemoglobinuria

Found in milk

35
Q

C. histolyticum

A

Widespread
Alpha, collagenase, protease, elastase, hemolysin
Bo/Ov/Su malignant edema

36
Q

C. chauvoei

A

Blood agar, strong hemolysis, only guinea pig is susceptible!

Same toxins as C. septicum
Bo/Ov: blackleg
Differentiation from C. septicum: culture, IF, PCR

37
Q

C. perfringens

A

40-45 optimal temp, no flagella, have a capsule
Toxins:
Main: alpha, beta, epsilon, iota (trypsin act)
Auxiliary: gamma, delta, theta, kappa, lambda, mu

38
Q

C. colinum

A

Av ulcerative enteritis, hepatic necrosis

39
Q

C. difficile

A

Enterotoxin, cytotoxin
Hu: pseudomembranaceous colitis
Foal hemorrhagic enterocolitis
Ca chronic diarrhea

40
Q

C. piliforme

A

Tyzzers disease, foal

Severe hepatic necrosis

41
Q

C. spirofirme

A

Coiled, rabbit enteritis

Bacteriology (13 decks)

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