Lab 2 B. anthracis and Clostridium Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

Bacillus Habitat morphology

A

Veg: diseased animals
Spore: environment

Rod, central spore, capsule
No flagella

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2
Q

Bacillus resistance

A

Veg: several days in carcass, 2 weeks on skin, 4 weeks in BM

Spore: soil - 50 years

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3
Q

Bacillus staining

A
Gr +
Toluidine blue 
Metachromatic staining:
Capsule: pink
Bacteria: blue
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4
Q

Bacillus culture

A

Simple

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5
Q

Bacillus S/R colonies depend on…?

A

CO2

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6
Q

Bacillus capsule

A

Capsule (S): poly-D-glutamic acid
= Virulence factor
Inhibits phagocytosis

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7
Q

Requirements for spore formation:

A

> 15 degrees
Water, oxygen, cations
37 degrees: 16 hrs
18 degrees: 2-3 days

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8
Q

Bacillus biochemistry

A

Cat +, Oxi -

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9
Q

Bacillus antigens

A

Capsule
Polysaccharide hapten: heat stabile

Ascoli test
(B.cereus cross reaction)
Edema factor, Lethal factor

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10
Q

B. anthracis pathogenicity

A

Bo/Ov: fatal peracute/acute septicaemic anthrax
Su: subacute anthrax, pharyngeal edematous swelling
Eq: subacute anthrax with edema, septicaemia with colic/enteritis
Hu: skin, pulmonary and int form
Car/Av resistant

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11
Q

B. cereus

A

Bo mastitis

Hu food poisoning, eye infections

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12
Q

B. licheniformis

A

Bo/Ov sporadic abortion

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13
Q

Paenibacillus larvae

A

Honey bees: americal foulbrood (notifiable disease)

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14
Q

Saprophyte bacilli

A

B. subtilis
B. megaterium
B. cereus
B. licheniformis (bacitrin)
B. thuringiensis: insect pathogen, pest-control (moth)
Paenibacillus polymyxa
Geobacillus stearothermophilus (heat resistant)

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15
Q

Bacillus without flagella

A

B. anthracis

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16
Q

Bacillus with capsule prod in air

A

B. subtilis

B- megaterium

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17
Q

Bacillus with hemolysis

18
Q

Pathogenic bacillus

19
Q

Clostridium habitat, morphology

A

Soil, mud, water, gut

Rod
Flagella (except C. perfr)
Spore (central, terminal, subterminal)
No capsule!! (Exc. C. perfr)

20
Q

Clostridium resistance, staining

A

Veg: like Gr+
Spore: in dry specimens: for years

21
Q

Clostridium culture

A
Anaerobic
Different oxygen tolerance
Agars: nutruent and blood
40-45C: C. perfr
15-22C: C. putrefaciens
22
Q

Clostridium strict oxygen tolerance (ø)

A

C. tetani

C. novyi B

23
Q

Clostridium tolerates oxygen

A

C. histolyticum

C. botulinum

24
Q

Clostridium biochemistry

A

Cat -
Oxi -
OF fer
Active metabolism, carbohydrates are fermented

25
Clostridium without active metabolism
C. tetani, C. histolyticum
26
Clostridium proteolytic
C. tetani C. histolyticum C. botulinum
27
Clostridium antigens
Complex, close relationship
28
Clostridium gas gangrenic diseases
``` Malignant edema: (Bo, Ov, Su) C. septicum C. novyi C. haemolyticum C. histolyticum C. sordelli ``` Blackleg: (Bo, Ov) C. chauvoei Human gas gangrene C. perfr A, C. novyi A
29
Clostridium enterotoxaemic diseases | Toxin types: beta, epsilon, iota All have toxin type alpha
C. perfr A/C: necrotic enteritis of Chicken C. perfr B: lamB dysentery (BE) C. perfr C: neCrotic enteritis of Su, struck of Ov (B) C. perfr D: pulpy kiDney Disease of Ov (E) C. colinum: ulcerative enteritis of chicken (I)
30
Clostridium intoxications
C. tetani | C. botulinum
31
C. tetani Characteristics Serotypes, air requirement, flagella Toxins, susceptibility
Rigid paralysis 10 serotypes Anaerobic, no capsule Flagellated Neurotoxin: tetanospasmin, hemolysin, fibrinolysin Eq/Hu highly susceptible, Ru/Su moderately
32
C. botulinum Characteristics Ag toxin types
8 Ag toxin types: A-G ABEF: in soil, activated by trypsin, Hu disease CD: soil, intestine, disease in other animals Heat stabile toxins, synaptobrevin in neuromuscular junctions inhibits release of ACh in synapse: flaccid paralysis
33
C. novyi
Toxins: alpha, lipase, lectinase, DN-ase, collagenase Hu gas gangrene: A Bo/Ov hepatitis
34
C. haemolyticum
Bo/Ov hemoglobinuria | Found in milk
35
C. histolyticum
Widespread Alpha, collagenase, protease, elastase, hemolysin Bo/Ov/Su malignant edema
36
C. chauvoei
Blood agar, strong hemolysis, only guinea pig is susceptible! Same toxins as C. septicum Bo/Ov: blackleg Differentiation from C. septicum: culture, IF, PCR
37
C. perfringens
40-45 optimal temp, no flagella, have a capsule Toxins: Main: alpha, beta, epsilon, iota (trypsin act) Auxiliary: gamma, delta, theta, kappa, lambda, mu
38
C. colinum
Av ulcerative enteritis, hepatic necrosis
39
C. difficile
Enterotoxin, cytotoxin Hu: pseudomembranaceous colitis Foal hemorrhagic enterocolitis Ca chronic diarrhea
40
C. piliforme
Tyzzers disease, foal | Severe hepatic necrosis
41
C. spirofirme
Coiled, rabbit enteritis