passmed

Question 1

Lip smacking + post-ictal dysphasia are features of what?

Answer 1

temporal lobe seizure

Question 2

first line treatment for neuropathic pain

Answer 2

amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin or pregabalin

Question 3

who gets a CT after a head injury

Answer 3

Clinical evidence of skull fracture.
More than 30 minutes retrograde amnesia.
Focal neurological deficit or seizure.
GCS <13 at any time (or <15 2 hours after injury).
More than 1 episodes of vomiting.
Loss of consciousness and any amnesia in patients who:
-Are >65 years
-Suffered a dangerous mechanism of injury (great height, road traffic accident)
-Have evidence of coagulopathy (including anticoagulation with warfarin)

Question 4

serious side effect of lamotrigine

Answer 4

stevens johnsons

Question 5

side effect of phenytoin

Answer 5

peripheral neuropathy

Question 6

Obese, young female with headaches / blurred vision

Answer 6

idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Question 7

what is akathisia

Answer 7

severe restlessness

Question 8

Urinary incontinence + gait abnormality + dementia

Answer 8

normal pressure hydrocephalus

Question 9

what could a painful third nerve palsy suggest

Answer 9

posterior communicating artery aneurysm

Question 10

L5/S1 prolapsed intervertebral disc, what root nerve is affected?

Answer 10

S1

Question 11

symptoms of a L5/S1 prolapsed disc

Answer 11

-pain along posterior thigh with radiation to the heel
-weakness of plantar flexion
-sensory loss in the lateral foot - small toe
-reduced or absent ankle jerk

Question 12

symptoms of a L4/5 prolapsed disc

Answer 12

root involved is L5
-pain along the posterior or posterolateral thigh with radiation to the dorsum of the foot and great toe
-weakness of dorsiflexion of the toe or foot
-paraesthesia and numbness of the dorsum of the foot and great toe

Question 13

L3/4 prolapsed disc symptoms

Answer 13

root involved is L4
-pain in the anterior thigh
-wasting of the quad muscle
-weakness of the quadriceps function and dorsiflexion of foot
-diminished sensation over anterior thigh, knee and medial aspect of lower leg
-reduced knee jerk

Question 14

most common cause of amaurosis fugax

Answer 14

atherosclerosis of the internal carotid
-the side of vision that is affected is the same side that the atherosclerosis will be on

Question 15

if someone with a stroke has deafness what artery is it probably?

Answer 15

anterior inferior cerebral
-lateral pontine syndrome

Question 16

postural instability, impairment of vertical gaze, parkinsonism, frontal lobe dysfunction

Answer 16

progressive supranuclear palsy

Question 17

first line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia

Answer 17

carbamazepine

Question 18

For thrombectomy in acute ischaemic stroke, an extended target time of 6-24 hours may be considered if?

Answer 18

the potential to salvage brain tissue, as shown by imaging such as CT perfusion or diffusion-weighted MRI sequences showing limited infarct core volume

Question 19

if a man has left homonymous hemianopia with some macula sparing where would the lesion be

Answer 19

occipital cortex

Question 20

if someone is developing tunnel vision where would the lesion be

Answer 20

retina

Question 21

typical temporal lobe seizure

Answer 21

-sometimes loss of consciousness
-aura in most patients
-rising epigastric sensation
-deja vu and stuff
-lip smacking

Question 22

frontal lobe seizure

Answer 22

motor
-head/leg movements
-posturing
-post-ictal weakness
-jacksoian march

Question 23

parietal lobe seizure

Answer 23

paraesthesia

Question 24

occipital lobe seizure

Answer 24

floaters/flashes

Question 25

what disease would show decreased nerve conduction velocity

Answer 25

guillan barre