more passmed Flashcards
how does controlled hyperventilation help patients with raised ICP
it reduces carbon dioxide to induce cerebral vasoconstriction
what is cushing’s triad
-hypertension
-bradycardia
-widened pulse pressure
signs of raised ICP
what drugs exacerbate myasthenia gravis
penicillamine
quinidine, procainamide
beta-blockers
lithium
phenytoin
antibiotics: gentamicin, macrolides, quinolones, tetracyclines
what tumour is myasthenia gravis associated with
thymoma
how do you tell between lambert eaton and myasthenia gravis
Weakness in Lambert Eaton improves after exercise, unlike myasthenia gravis; which worsens after exercise
bilateral foot drop, symmetrical atrophy of muscles below the knee (stork leg appearance), pes cavus, atrophy of intrinsic hand muscles, especially the thenar muscles of the thumb, and absent tendon reflexes in both upper and lower extremities
charcot marie tooth
what is the most common complication of meningitis
sensorineural hearing loss
when is neuroimaging indicated in bacterial meningitis
when there are signs of raised ICP
can you give someone a lumbar puncture if you think they might have meningococcal septicaemia
no
A sudden-onset headache, reaching maximum intensity within 5 minutes
what is this suggestive of and what then needs to be done
SAH
-urgent CT without contrast
In trauma, to test if the fluid draining from the nose or ear is CSF what do you do
check for glucose or beta 2 transferrin
how does facial nerve paralysis cause hyperacusis
cause facial nerve supplies stapedius muscle, so then this gets paralysed
what are absence seizures usually provoked by
hyperventialtion
ptosis and constricted pupil
horner’s
ptosis and dilated pupil
third nerve palsy
