anatomy of basal ganglia and cerebellum

Question 1

what are peduncles

Answer 1

bundle of fibres connecting cerebellum and brain stem

Question 2

layers of the cerebellar cortex

Answer 2

-molecular layer
-purkinje layer
-granule layer

Question 3

what do afferent inputs go into the cerebellum via

Answer 3

cerebellar peduncles and project mainly to the granule layer

Question 4

efferent outputs of the cerebellum

Answer 4

-from all three lobes of the cerebellum
-only output the axons of purkinje cells
-synapse on neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei
-coordinating functions of all the motor tracts of the brainstem and spinal cord

Question 5

what are basal ganglia

Answer 5

collection of masses of gray matter situated within each cerebral hemisphere

Question 6

functions of basal ganglia

Answer 6

-facilitate purposeful movements
-inhibit unwanted movements
-help in maintaining posture and muscle tone

Question 7

what is the caudate nucleus

Answer 7

C-shaped mass of gray matter that is closely related to the lateral ventricle and lies lateral to the thalamus

Question 8

why is the putamen pale

Answer 8

high amount of myelinated fibres

Question 9

function of the amygdaloid nucleus

Answer 9

influence the body’s response to environmental changes

Question 10

what type of neurons in the substantia nigra

Answer 10

-dopaminergic
-inhibitory

Question 11

what type of neurons in the subthalamic

Answer 11

-glutaminergic
-excitatory