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ANATOMY > Parts of the Brain > Flashcards

Parts of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebrum

A

Two hemispheres split by the longitudinal cerebral fissure; connected by corpus callosum

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2
Q

5 lobes of the cerebrum

A

Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Insula lobe

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3
Q

Gyri, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus

A

Folds for surface area

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4
Q

Sulci, central sulcus

A

Grooves for surface area

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5
Q

Cerebrum

A

Two hemispheres, divided into five lobes
Responsible for higher mental function such as learning, memory, personality, cognition, language and conscience

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6
Q

Diencephalon

A

Responsible for processing, integrating, and relaying information to different parts of brain

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7
Q

Cerebellum

A

Posterior and inferior portion of brain
Involved in planning and coordination of movement especially complex activities such as playing sport or instrument

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8
Q

Brainstem

A

Connects brain to spinal cord
Involved in basic involuntary homeostatic functions, control of certain reflexes and monitoring movement.

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9
Q

Grey and white matter

A

Grey- outer part of cerebrum
White- deep in brain

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10
Q

Meninges

A

Dura mater- outer most layer
Arachnoid mater- transparent, middle layer
Pia mater- delicate, inner layer

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11
Q

Frontal lobes

A

Neurons responsible in planning and executing movement such as behavior, conscience, and personality. Cognition, speech and motor control
frontal bone to central sulcus

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12
Q

Parietal lobes

A

Neurons are responsible for processing and integrating sensory information and function in attention. Taste.
Central sulcus to parieto-occipital sulcus

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13
Q

Temporal lobes

A

Temporal bone to lateral sulcus
Neurons in these lobes are involved in hearing, language, memory, and emotions.

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14
Q

Occipital lobes

A

From parieto-occipital sulcus to occipital bone
Principal visual center

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15
Q

Insula

A

Deep to lateral sulcus
Taste, visceral sensation, and language. Hearing

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16
Q

Motor areas

A

Located in frontal lobe
contains upper motor neurons which are interneurons.
Primary motor cortex, involved in conscious, planning of movement. Precentral gyrus of frontal lobe

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17
Q

Sensory areas

A

Deal with somatic senses

18
Q

Special senses

A

Information processing, deal with equilibrium and positional sensations and processes sense of smell.

19
Q

Multimodal association areas

A

Language is processed in two areas
Broca’s area
Wernicke’a area- integrative speech area
Prefrontal cortex- modulating behavior, personality, learning, memory and personality

20
Q

Medulla Oblongata
Cranial nerves 9,10,11,12

A

Sensory nuclei receive input from the taste buds, pharynx, and thoracic and abdominal viscera. Include cardiac center, vasomotor center, centers in involved in speech, coughing, sneezing, swallowing and movement of tongue and head.
Centers for circulatory and respiratory control, sensory and motor functions for head and neck.

21
Q

Cerebellum

A

Muscular coordination, fine motor control, muscle tone, posture, equilibrium, judging passage of time.
No cranial nerves associated with

22
Q

Primary cortex

A

Sensory cortex to receive input for sense
Motor cortex issues projections fibers to distribute motor commands

23
Q

Association cortex

A

Any cortical area that is not primary
Interpretation of sensations, thought, memory, and motor planning

24
Q

Vision

A

Occipital lobe and primary visual cortex

25
Q

Hearing

A

Temporal lobe and insula
Primary auditory cortex

26
Q

Equilibrium

A

Cerebellum

27
Q

Taste

A

Parietal lobe, primary gustatory cortex

28
Q

Smell

A

Temporal and frontal lobes
Orbitofrontal cortex

29
Q

Postcentral gyrus

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

30
Q

Precentral gyrus

A

Primary motor cortex

31
Q

Language

A

Wermick area, recognition of written and spoken language
Broca area, speech

32
Q

Left hemisphere

A

Speech center
Writing
Auditory cortex
General imperceptible center, analysis and calculations
Visual cortex

33
Q

Right hemisphere

A

analysis by touch
auditory cortex
spatial visualization
visual cortex
creativity

34
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Calm

35
Q

Sympathetic

A

Fight or flight

36
Q

What parasympathetic nerve effect the heart?

A

The Vagus nerve

37
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Affect the skeletal muscle fibers and is voluntary

38
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Affects smooth and cardiac muscle cells or glands which are involuntary

39
Q

Parasympathetic calm

A

acetylchloline which act on the target cell

40
Q

Sympathetic fight or flight

A

Acetylchloline and norE which act on the target cell

ANATOMY (10 decks)

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