Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the Axial Skeleton?

A

The skull, vertebral column, rib cage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the role of Axial Skeleton

A

To support the axis of the body and to protect organs.
Skull protect the brain
Vertebral column protects the spinal cord
Thoracic cage protects the lungs and heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sesamoid bones, sesame seeds

A

Formed within tendons and due to stress
Patella, Pisiform and

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sutural (wormian) bones

A

Extra bones in the skull that are not found in everyone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Surface Features of Bones; canal, condyle, crest and epicondyle

A

Canal- Tunnel in a bone like auditory canal of the skull.
Condyle- Rounded Knob
Crest- A narrow ridge
Epicondyle- A flare superior to a condyle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Facet, Fissure, Foramen, Fossa

A

Facet- smooth joint surface that is flat or slightly concave
Fissure- A slit though a bone
Foramen- A hole through a bone
Fossa- A shallow, broad or elongated basin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Line, Meatus, Process, Protuberance

A

Line- Raised, elongated ridge
Meatus- A canal
Process- Any bony prominence
Protuberance- A bony outgrowth or protruding part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sinus, Spine, Sulcus, Tubercle, Tuberosity

A

Sinus- A cavity with a bone
Spine- A sharp, slender process
Sulcus- A groove for tendon, nerve or blood vessel
Tubercle- A small, rounded process
Tuberosity- A rough surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Skull division, how many bones in total

A

Cranial and Facial bones 22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cranial bones that protect the brain

A

8 bones
Frontal bone (U)- forehead and it is a flat bone, has two frontal sinus
Occipital bone (U)- base of skull and it’s a flat bone
2 Parietal bones (P)- Flattened and enclose the brain
2 Temporal bones (P)- Flattened and that provide structure to the skull
Sphenoid (U)- Greater and lesser wings, mothlike shape, sphenoidal sinuses and sella turcica
Ethmoid (U)- Ethmoidal sinus, crista galli, cribriform plate, nasal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sutures of the cranial bones (4)

A

Coronal Suture separates the Frontal bone and the Parietal bones.
Sagittal suture separates the two parietal bones.
Lambdoid suture separates the occipital bone from the temporal and parietal bones.
Squamous suture separates the temporal bones from the parietal and occipital bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Where the spinal cord meets the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen Spinosium

A

All for the passage of blood vessels.
Hole in the superior part of the sphenoid bone
Hole in inferior part of the sphenoid bone
Hole in great wings of sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Occipital condyles

A

Door knob shaped bones that connect to the vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sinuses of the naval cavity

A

Frontal sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Maxillary sinus
Sphenoid sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cranial Fossae

A

Posterior fossa- cerebellum
Middle fossa- Temporal lobe
Anterior fossa- Frontal lobe

17
Q

Sphenoid, butterfly like

A

Greater and lesser wings
Sphenoidal sinuses
sella turcica

18
Q

Ethmoid

A

Ethmoidal sinus
Crista galli
Cribriform plate
Nasal septum

18
Q

What bones make the orbit

A

Ethmoid, frontal, temporal, sphenoid cranial bones. Lacrimal, maxilla, palatine, zygomatic bones.

18
Q

14 Facial Bones

A

2 Maxillae- only facial bone with a sinus
2 Palatine- hard palate of the nose
2 Zygomatic- cheek bones
2 Lacrimal- Smallest bone of skull, tear ducks
2 Nasal- Bridge of nose
2 Inferior Nasal Conchae- Nasal cavity
Vomer- No muscle attachment and center of nose
Mandible- Only movable bone of the skull and the strongest.

18
Q

Auditory ossicles- bones of middle ear

A

Malleus
Incus
Stapes

18
Q

Hyoid

A

Doesn’t articulate with any bones, located between chin and larynx. Floating.

19
Q

Function of the Vertebral Column

A

Supports skull and trunk, allows movement, protect spinal cord. Absorb stress from walking, running and lifting. Provides attachment for limbs, thoracic cage, and postural muscles.

20
Q

Vertebral Column

A

33 vertebrae and intervertebral discs.
Vertebral foramen where spinal cord is.
Cervical-7
Thoracic- 12
Lumbar- 5
Sacral- 5
Coccygeal- 4

21
Q

Intervertebral Discs

A

Pad between vertebrae that have nucleus pulposus ( central portion) and anulus fibrosus. (outer ring, fibrocartilage)

22
Q

Cervical Vertebrae

A

Atlas first CV 1, YES motion, flat and supports the skull.
Axis second CV 2, NO motion, for rotation
7 in total
Smallest and lightest
Transverse foramina
Holes in transverse processes and passage pf the vertebral arteries.

23
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

12 in total with costal facets, attachment points for the 12 ribs
Larger than cervical vertebrae, supports more stress

24
Q

The sternum and its 3 regions, flat bone

A

Manubrium- top part like a neck tie and connect with the clavicles.
Body gladiolus- the longest part of sternum where the ribs attached to
Xiphoid process- inferior end that provides attachment for muscles.

25
Q

The Ribs

A

12 and all are attached to thoracic vertebrae.
True ribs- 1 to 7; each with own cartilage to sternum
False ribs
8 to 12- not directly connected to sternum
8 to 10- attached to costal cartilage of rib 7
11 and 12- floating ribs with no attachment to sternum

26
Q

Articulation of the Ribs to the thoracic vertebrae

A

The thoracic vertebra connects( facet joints) to right or left costal then with costal cartilage that connects to the sternum.

27
Q

Thoracic Cage

A

Consists of thoracic vertebrae, sternum and ribs.
Encloses lungs and heart and expands and contracts for respiration.
Attachment point for pectoral girdle and upper limbs.

28
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

5 in total
Thick and largest of all vertebrae
Articulates face laterally and medially

29
Q

Sacrum

A

Five vertebrae that fuse during young adulthood.
Articulates with pelvic bones and forms posterior wall of pelvic cavity

30
Q

Coccygeal vertebrae

A

4 that fuse by the age of 20, the Coccyx.
Tailbone.
Provides attachment point for muscles of the pelvic floor.

31
Q

Pathology of Axial Skeleton

A

Skull fractures
Vertebral fractures and dislocations
Herniated dics.

ANATOMY (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions