PART 9. PHYSICAL & COGNITIVE DEVLOPMENT IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

Question 1

True or False. Growth in middle childhood slows down.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or False. Both grey and white matter increases in middle childhood.

Answer 2

False. Only WHITE MATTER increases; grey matter decrases.

Question 3

True or False. Rough-and-tumble play are participated by boys more than girls.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

This is a vigorous play like wrestling, hitting, and chasing.

Answer 4

Rough-and-tumble play

Question 5

This is a descriptive and evaluative belief about one’s body.

Answer 5

body image

Question 6

Negative thoughts about one’s body.

Answer 6

body dissatisfaction

Question 7

These are illnesses that lasts for a short period of time.

Answer 7

acute medical conditions

Question 8

These are illnesses that persist for at least 3 months.

Answer 8

chronic medical conditions

Question 9

A chronic respiratory disease which results to difficulty in breathing and sudden attacks of coughing and wheezing.

Answer 9

Asthma

Question 10

A common disease in childhood indicated by high levels of glucose because of a defective production of insulin.

Answer 10

Diabetes

Question 11

Piaget’s 3rd stage wherein kids reason logically but not abstractly.

Answer 11

concrete operational stage (7 to 12)

Question 12

Advances in Selected Cognitive Abilities in Middle Childhood

Answer 12

1. Spatial thinking
2. Cause and effect
3. Categorization
4. Seriation and transitive inference
5. Inductive and deductive reasoning
6. Conservation
7. Number and mathematics

Question 13

Ability to arrange items in order according to a characteristic.

Answer 13

Seriation

Question 14

Understanding of relationships between two objects by comparing them to another object.

Answer 14

transitive inference

Question 15

Understanding of relationship between a whole and its parts.

Answer 15

class inclusion

Question 16

Piaget’s 3 Stages of Moral Development

Answer 16

1. rigid obedience to authority (2 to 7)
2. increasing flexibility (7 to 11)
3. ideal of equity (11 or 12)

Question 17

Ability to deliberately direct attention and shut out distractions.

Answer 17

Selective attention

Question 18

Voluntary suppression of unwanted response.

Answer 18

Inhibitory control

Question 19

Understanding of the memory process.

Answer 19

Metamemory

Question 20

A strategy used to aid the memory.

Answer 20

Mnemonic device

Question 21

A mnemonic strategy that uses something outside the person.

Answer 21

External memory aids

Question 22

A mnemonic strategy used to keep an item in the working memory through repetition.

Answer 22

Rehearsal

Question 23

A mnemonic strategy of categorizing information.

Answer 23

Organization

Question 24

A mnemonic strategy of making mental associations of information.

Answer 24

Elaboration

Question 25

A intelligence scale that assesses children's verbal and performance scores as well as combined scores.

Answer 25

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV)

Question 26

A group intelligence test for kindergarten to grade 12.

Answer 26

Otis-Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT 8)

Question 27

Intelligence test that aims to have no culturally linked content.

Answer 27

culture-free test

Question 28

Intelligence test that contains questions associated with common experiences, in an attempt to avoid culture bias.

Answer 28

culture-fair test

Question 29

It proposes that a person has several distinct forms of intelligence.

Answer 29

Gardener's Theory of Multiple Intelligence

Question 30

It proposes describes the 3 elements of intelligence.

Answer 30

Sternberg's Theory of Intelligence

Question 31

Multiple Intelligence

Answer 31

1. linguistic 2. logical-mathematical 3. spatial 4. musical 5. bodily-kinesthetic 6. interpersonal 7. intrapersonal 8. naturalist

Question 32

3 elements of intelligence

Answer 32

1. componential element (analytic aspect) 2. experiential element (creative aspect) 3. contextual element (practical aspect)

Question 33

It is an assessment that evaluates intelligence through verbal, quantitative, and figurative tests.

Answer 33

Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test (STAT)

Question 34

This is the information that is not formally taught or expressed but is necessary to get ahead.

Answer 34

tacit knowledge

Question 35

Nontraditional intelligence test created for a fair assessments of minority kids and those with disabilities.

Answer 35

Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC-II)

Question 36

This test is based on Vygotsky's theory that emphasizes potential instead of past learning.

Answer 36

dynamic tests

Question 37

The social context of language; the way we converse.

Answer 37

pragmatics

Question 38

An approach in teaching English by using English only instructions.

Answer 38

English-immersion approach

Question 39

Is a system of teaching English by using the native language of the child as instruction but later switches to English.

Answer 39

bilingual education

Question 40

A person who is fluent in 2 languages.

Answer 40

bilingual

Question 41

A second-language learning wherein English and non-English speakers speak to each other and learn in their own and each other's languages.

Answer 41

two-way (dual language) learning

Question 42

Refers to the process of phonetic analysis by which a printed word is converted to spoken form before retrieval from long-term memory.

Answer 42

decoding

Question 43

Is the method in teaching how to read by emphasis on decoding of unfamiliar words.

Answer 43

phonetic (code-emphasis) approach

Question 44

Is the method in teaching how to read by emphasis on visual retrieval and use of contextual clues.

Answer 44

whole-language approach

Question 45

True or False. Bilingual is more successful than English-immersion approach.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

True or False. Bilingual is more successful than two-way (dual language) learning.

Answer 46

False. Two-way (dual language) learning is more successful than bilingual education.

Question 47

True or False. Phonetic approach in teaching reading is more supported by research than whole-language approach.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

True or False. Experts suggest to use a blend of the best features of phonetic (code-emphasis) approach and whole-language approach.

Answer 48

True

Question 49

The process of retrieving the sound of a printed word by seeing the word as a whole.

Answer 49

visually based retrieval

Question 50

Thinking about thinking

Answer 50

Metacognition

Question 51

Family and community resources on which a person can draw.

Answer 51

social capital

Question 52

The cognitive disability or significantly subnormal cognitive functioning.

Answer 52

intellectual disability

Question 53

A disorder that interfere with specific aspects of learning and school achievement.

Answer 53

learning disability

Question 54

A syndrome marked by persistent inattention, impulsivity, and inappropriate overactivity.

Answer 54

attention-deficit/hyperactivity syndrome (ADHD)

Question 55

It is a developmental disorder in which reading achievement is substantially lower than predicted by IQ or age.

Answer 55

dyslexia

Question 56

Ability to see situations in a new, different perspective.

Answer 56

creativity

Question 57

Produces a variety of fresh, diverse, possibilities.

Answer 57

divergent thinking

Question 58

Aimed at finding one right answer to a problem.

Answer 58

convergent thinking

Question 59

This deepens the student's knowledge and skills through extra activities.

Answer 59

Enrichment programs

Question 60

This speeds up a child's education.

Answer 60

Acceleration programs

Question 61

This is a form of intelligence that is the using and understanding of words and nuances of meaning.

Answer 61

linguistic intelligence

Question 62

It is a form of intelligence which is the ability to manipulate numbers and solve logical problems.

Answer 62

logical-mathematical intelligence

Question 63

A form of intelligence in which one can find his/her way around an environment and judge relationships between objects in space.

Answer 63

spatial intelligence

Question 64

This is the form of intelligence that perceives and create patterns of pitch and rhythm.

Answer 64

musical intelligence

Question 65

Pertains to the form of intelligence which uses precise movements.

Answer 65

bodily-kinesthetic intelligence

Question 66

Refers to the form of intelligence that enables one to understand and communicate with others.

Answer 66

interpersonal intelligence

Question 67

A form of intelligence that allows a person to understand oneself.

Answer 67

intrapersonal intelligence

Question 68

It is the form of intelligence that distinguishes species and their characteristics.

Answer 68

naturalist intelligence