part 8 Flashcards
What is combination oral therapy and what is beneficial about it?
- blends 2 different classes of medications to treat diabetes
- improves adherence because pt takes fewer pills
What interactions do we need to pay close attention to when treating pts with diabetes?
-medications that can potentiate hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia
Who is the best person to help a pre-diabetic/diabetic pt with nutritional therapy?
registered dietitian with expertise in diabetes management
What are the nutritional therapy goals for diabetic pt’s put in place by the ADA?
- make healthy choices
- maintain blood glucose to as close to normal as possible
- normal lipid profiles and blood pressure
- prevent or slow complications
- address individual needs (personal, cultural preferences)
- maintain pleasure of eating
What does meal planning for a T1DM pt look like?
- based on usual food intake and preferences
- balanced with insulin and exercise
For T1DM what makes it easier to manage glucose levels?
day-to-day consistency with diet and exercise
What are some nutritional goals for pt’s with T2DM?
- glucose, lipid, and BP goals
- weight loss
- nutritional meals with decreased fat and CHO
- space meals
- regular exercise
Explain major points for CHO nutrition therapy.
- minimum of 130 g/day
- fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, low-fat dairy
- large benefit from including fiber
- nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners in moderation
Explain major points for fats nutrition therapy.
- limit saturated fats to <7% of total calories
- limit cholesterol to <200 mg/day
- minimize trans fats
- health fats from plants (olives, nuts, avocado)
Explain major points for protein nutrition therapy.
- should make up 15 - 20% of total calories
- high protein diets are not recommended
Explain major points for alcohol nutrition therapy.
- limit: 1 drink/day for women and 2 for men
- it can cause severe hypoglycemia (by inhibiting gluconeogenesis by the liver)
- blood glucose should be monitored
