PART 3 Norman Church Flashcards
what was the relationship between Norman Kings and the Pope
-Pope Alexander granted William the papal banner and immediately after the Pope forced William and his men to do penance for the damage caused
Relationship between Normans and Church
-what did Willaim do as an act of penance
-built abbey at Hastings finished in 1095
Relationship between Normans and Church
what did both Willaim Conquerer and Rufus do in order to benefit them
- gained money from religious houses in form of geld ( tax)
- used positions to promote or reward people and only the Pope should be able to do this which led to disagreements with Anselm.
Normans stealing From Church
-accounts of Normans stealing from Church
- monastery ion Abdingon a Norman monk melted down a silver and gold chandelier worth £40
- at Ely statues of Mary were stripped of gold and gems
Normans stealing From Church
-why might this be exaggerated
-accounts were written by anhglo saxon chroniclers who may have wanted to portray the Norman unfavourably
Wiliam Rufus conflict with William of St Calais (1088 -1100)
-what happened
- Bishop St Calais informed Willaim of a rebellion led by Bishop Odo against him in 1088 and promised reinforcements
- went back on word and put on trial for treason – as he was found supporting Odo
Wiliam Rufus conflict with William of St Calais (1088 -1100)
-consequences of trial
- Rufus denied his right to be tried in a Church court so he was tried in a secular court
- put on trial at Salisbury and found guilt - lost bishopric and was exiled
- 1091 returned to England and became bishop of Durham in 1095
Wiliam Rufus conflict with William of St Calais (1088 -1100)
-Significance of trial
-showed that Rufus was superior to the Church and that under Rufus the Church was subordinate to the Crown (divine right of Kings)
The conflict between Anselm and Rufus 1093 - 1094
why did William appoint Anselm as Archbishop of Canterbury
1089 lanfranc dies
1093 - William becomes ill and believes that God is punishing him for not appointing anyone as archbishop of canterbury - so appoints Anselm
-Anselm places conditions on acceptance of the role
– wanted all of Lanfrancs land ( William says NO)
–spiritual advisor to King
– recognise Pope Urban II as head of the Church
The conflict between Anselm and Rufus 1093 - 1094
what happened 1094
-Anselm criticised Rufus lack of morals at court (left diocese empty to gain money) and felt that Rufus did not need to get involved in Church affairs
The conflict between Anselm and Rufus 1093 - 1094
-Council of Rockingham 1095
council was called as Rufus did not want Anselm to travel to Rome in order to claim pallium (pope Urban II acknowledged inseams service
-Pope Urban II agreed to send pallium instead (showed that Rufus had control over Pope)
The conflict between Anselm and Rufus 1093 - 1094
what did Anselm then do
-propose reforms for Church inspired by Pope Gregory (1050 - 1080) – designed to deal with morality and clergy’s independence
The conflict between Anselm and Rufus 1093 - 1094
-what happened 1097
- rufus and Anselm argued over military campaign in Wales
- anselm asks to see Pope Urban II and this showed he accepted authority of Pope over king when concerned with Church affairs
Evidence to suggest that William Rufus was only concerned with Church for money
-reintroduces simony
clergy
-Herbert Losinga became Bishop of Thetford in 1091 by paying £1,900.
-Ranulf Flambard was an ally of William II. He helped William II raise money and became the Bishop of Durham after he paid him another £1,000.
1 church reforms of Pope Gregory (1070 - 1100) - investiture controversy
-what is investiture and what did pope Gregory believe
- act of formally giving somebody position or rank
- Church should be independent from monarchs of Europe in order to remove corruption and improve morality within Church
