Parkinsons Flashcards
Risk factors for developing Parkinson’s?
Family history Depression Constipation Pesticide exposure High consumption of dairy products
What is Parkinsonism
Syndrome of bradykinesia with rigidity and tremor
Classical Cardinal features of Parkinson’s
Tremor
Rigidity
Bradykinesia
Other features of Parkisons
Gait impairment
What are causes of Secondary Parkinsonism
Drugs- most commonly from Dopamine-blocking agents
Stroke
Tumor
Infection
Exposure to toxins (CO, manganese
What are the two genes that are linked to parkinsons?
Mutations to LRRK2 gene
Mutations of the parkin gene
When should you start treatment for parkinsons?
- When it effects the dominant hand of the pt
- Interference with work, ADLs, social and leisure function
- Severity of bradykinesia or gait disturbance
Gold standard treatment for parkinsons is what?
Levadopa-Carbidopa
What are the potential complications of giving Levadopa? How are they fixed
Wearing off effect
- treat by increasing the dose and frequency
Delayed on or no on effect
- take with empty stomach
Peak-dose dyskinesia
What is example of Dopamine agonist
Pramiprexole
Bromocriptine
Ropinirole
Rotigotine
How is Parkinsons clinically diagnosed
UK Bank Criteria- Parkinsons with:
- Resting tremor
- Asymmetry
- Good response to Levodopa
What are side effects of a giving Dopamine Agonists?
Imupulse control disorders (gambling)
What are examples of MAO-B inhibitors?
Selegiline
Rasagiline
How do MAO-B inhibitors work?
Block central dopamine metabolism and increase the concentrations of it
What are examples of COMT inhibitors?
Tolcapone
Entacapone
