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Foundations of Clinical Practice II > Influenza, Bronchitis, Pneumonia > Flashcards

Influenza, Bronchitis, Pneumonia Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms for Flu

A 
Fever
Aches
Chills 
Tiredness
Sudden onset
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2
Q

Diagnostic test for Influenza?

A

Rapid influenza Diagnostic test (RAT)

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3
Q

Physical exam findings for Influenza

A

Pretty benign

  • Flushing
  • Hot, dry skin
  • MM injection
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4
Q

What is another diagnostic test you can use for Influenza

A

CxR for lungs

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5
Q

What indicates Treatment for Influenza

A
  1. Illness that requires hospitalization
  2. Severe or complicated illness
  3. High risk for complications
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6
Q

Who is considered High risk groups for influenza

A
  1. Higher aged groups
  2. Pregnancy (2 weeks post partum)
  3. Children less than 19 or chronic ASA therapy
  4. American Indians and Alaska Natives
  5. Morbidly Obese (more immunosuppressed)
  6. Resident nursing homes
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7
Q

Antirivral Medications

A

Neurinidase Inhibitors -Influenza A/B:

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8
Q

Time frame for antivirals for influenza

A

24-48 hrs

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9
Q

Complications for Influenza

A

Pneumonia

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10
Q

Guidelines for first time Pediatric flu vaccines

A

2 vaccines, 4 weeks apart

After then just need vaccine annually

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11
Q

What are the guidelines for egg allergies and flu vaccine?

Who is contraindicated from the flu vaccine

A

Unless they’ve had a severe reaction go

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12
Q

Which of the of the following is considered the gold standard for laboratory diagnosis of influenza?

A

Viral culture

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13
Q

Etiology for Bronchitis

A

VIRAL

Influenza A and B
Parainfluenza
Coronavirus
Rhonavirus

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14
Q

Bacterial causes for Bronchitis

A

Bordetella pertussis- only one that needs treatment

Mycoplasm

Pneumonias

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15
Q

Clinical presentation for acute Bronchitis

A

Deeper Cough for 1-3 weeks

Febrile

Chest wall tenderness

Wheezing

Mild dyspnea

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16
Q

How would bronchitis present on a physical exam

A
  1. Wheezing
  2. Negative for rales and consolidation
  3. Rhonchi clears with coughing
17
Q

Management of Bronchitis

A

Symptomatic treatments depending on symptoms

  1. Antitussives (codeine)
  2. B2 agonists
18
Q

Which of the following causes of acute bronchitis necessitate treatment with antibiotics?

A

Bordetella pertussis

19
Q

Etiology behind Pertussis

A

Bordetella pertussis - releases toxins that damages cilia and swelling of airways

20
Q

3 stages of Pertussis

A

slide 35

21
Q

What diagnostic lab results would you expect to find with pertussis

A

CBC: Elevated White count

22
Q

Treatments for Pertussis

A

Azithromycin 500 mg day, 250 mg day 2-5 days.

Easier compliance

23
Q

Vaccination recommendations for Pertussis

A
  1. All infants= DTap
  2. Adolescents 11-18 = Tdap booster
  3. All adults = single Tdap dose
  4. Pregnancy between 27-36 weeks or post partum
24
Q

Risk factors for Pneumonia

A

Advanced age
Alcoholism
Tobacco use
Immunosuppression/HIV

25
Q

Most common cause for Pneumonia?

A

Strept pneumonia - 2/3 causes

26
Q

Atypical causes/organisms for pneumonia

A
  1. Mycoplasma pneumonia
  2. Chlamydophila pneumonias
  3. Legionella spp.
27
Q

Atypical causes/organisms for pneumonia

A
  1. Mycoplasma pneumonia (interstitial x-ray)
  2. Chlamydophila pneumonias
  3. Legionella spp.
28
Q

What diagnostic tests are need to diagnose Pneumonia?

A

CBC = Leukocytosis

CXR - Lobar, Interstitial, Cavitation

29
Q

What diagnostic tests are need to diagnose Pneumonia?

A

CBC = Leukocytosis

CXR (Gold Standard) - Lobar, Interstitial, Cavitation

30
Q

In a previously healthy patient being treated outpatient, which of the following antibiotics is recommended for initial treatment of community acquired pneumonia?

A

Azithromycin

31
Q

Which of the following medications is recommended in a patient with community acquired pneumonia associated with MRSA?

A

Vancomycin

32
Q

A 45 y/o woman is evaluated for a 5-day history of a productive cough. She had a low grade fever, up to 100.8 F. She has had occasional wheezing. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Not enough information need a x-ray due to 5 day long history

33
Q

A 67 y/o male is evaluated for new onset of confusion, and diagnosed with CAP. Medical history is positive for active prostate cancer, but he is otherwise healthy. Vital signs are stable. Should he be treated inpatient or outpatient?

A

Inpatient

34
Q

The patient from the prior slide is admitted to the hospital, general medical unit. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment?

A

Levofloxacin alone

Foundations of Clinical Practice II (23 decks)

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