Parenteral Skill

Question 1

Creatinine Level

Answer 1

0.7-1.3 mg/dL

Question 2

BUN

Answer 2

12-20 mg/dL

Question 3

ALT

Answer 3

10-130

Question 4

AST

Answer 4

10-24

Question 5

Digoxin

Answer 5

0.8-2 ng/mL

Question 6

Blood glucose

Answer 6

<100 in a nondiabetic

Question 7

A1C

Answer 7

7.5% or lower for nondiabetic

Question 8

What is AST?

Answer 8

Aspartate Transferase is an enzyme found in your liver and other tissues. Assesses liver health and helps determine liver function. When liver cells are damaged, AST comes out which causes levels to go higher.

Question 9

What is ALT?

Answer 9

Alanine transaminase is an enzyme that is found in the liver. High levels of ALT in a blood test may be a sign of liver disease or damage.

Question 10

What is creatinine?

Answer 10

Creatinine is a measure of how well your kidneys are filtering waste from your blood. Creatinine is a waste product, so higher levels = kidneys not filtering out waste well.

Question 11

What is BUN?

Answer 11

Blood urea nitrogen. Urea is created as a waste product during digestion of protein. If the levels are high, the kidneys are not filtering out the urea as needed.

Question 12

What is A1C?

Answer 12

Measures average blood glucose levels over the past 3 months. There will be a higher percentage in diabetic individuals.

Question 13

What are the sites for IM injection?

Answer 13

Vastus lateralis (side of the thigh), Ventrogluteal (hip), and Deltoid (shoulder)

Question 14

How many mL of liquid can be injected into the Deltoid muscle?

Answer 14

1 mL

Question 15

What is the common needle size for IM injections?

Answer 15

1 1/2 inch-3 inches

Question 16

What is aspiration?

Answer 16

Pulling back on the plunger when it is in arm to see if you get blood return. If you do, you are in a vein and some medicines can be fatal if administered intravenously.

Question 17

Why do IM injections absorb faster than subcutaneous?

Answer 17

Muscles are vascular, which means they have more blood vessels that can carry the medication.

Question 18

How long does Toradol (IM) take to work?

Answer 18

Less than 30 minutes when administered IM

Question 19

How long until the onset of short-acting insulin?

Answer 19

30-60 min

Question 20

What is the peak time for short-acting insulin?

Answer 20

1-5 hours

Question 21

What is the duration of short-acting insulin?

Answer 21

6-10 hours

Question 22

How long until the onset of intermediate-acting insulin?

Answer 22

1-2 hours

Question 23

What is the peak time for intermediate-acting insulin?

Answer 23

6-14 hours

Question 24

What is the duration for intermediate-acting insulin?

Answer 24

16-24+ hours

Question 25

How do you do the Z-Track method with injections?

Answer 25

Pull the skin down or to the side, hold the skin taut until the injection is administered, then slowly let the skin back.

Question 26

What is the Z-track method used for?

Answer 26

To help seal the medicine into the muscle.