Parenteral Skill Flashcards
Creatinine Level
0.7-1.3 mg/dL
BUN
12-20 mg/dL
ALT
10-130
AST
10-24
Digoxin
0.8-2 ng/mL
Blood glucose
<100 in a nondiabetic
A1C
7.5% or lower for nondiabetic
What is AST?
Aspartate Transferase is an enzyme found in your liver and other tissues. Assesses liver health and helps determine liver function. When liver cells are damaged, AST comes out which causes levels to go higher.
What is ALT?
Alanine transaminase is an enzyme that is found in the liver. High levels of ALT in a blood test may be a sign of liver disease or damage.
What is creatinine?
Creatinine is a measure of how well your kidneys are filtering waste from your blood. Creatinine is a waste product, so higher levels = kidneys not filtering out waste well.
What is BUN?
Blood urea nitrogen. Urea is created as a waste product during digestion of protein. If the levels are high, the kidneys are not filtering out the urea as needed.
What is A1C?
Measures average blood glucose levels over the past 3 months. There will be a higher percentage in diabetic individuals.
What are the sites for IM injection?
Vastus lateralis (side of the thigh), Ventrogluteal (hip), and Deltoid (shoulder)
How many mL of liquid can be injected into the Deltoid muscle?
1 mL
What is the common needle size for IM injections?
1 1/2 inch-3 inches
What is aspiration?
Pulling back on the plunger when it is in arm to see if you get blood return. If you do, you are in a vein and some medicines can be fatal if administered intravenously.
Why do IM injections absorb faster than subcutaneous?
Muscles are vascular, which means they have more blood vessels that can carry the medication.
How long does Toradol (IM) take to work?
Less than 30 minutes when administered IM
How long until the onset of short-acting insulin?
30-60 min
What is the peak time for short-acting insulin?
1-5 hours
What is the duration of short-acting insulin?
6-10 hours
How long until the onset of intermediate-acting insulin?
1-2 hours
What is the peak time for intermediate-acting insulin?
6-14 hours
What is the duration for intermediate-acting insulin?
16-24+ hours
How do you do the Z-Track method with injections?
Pull the skin down or to the side, hold the skin taut until the injection is administered, then slowly let the skin back.
What is the Z-track method used for?
To help seal the medicine into the muscle.
