parenteral medications Flashcards
When checking the MAR against the doctor’s order, what are you looking for?
Inconsistencies in either and allergies that could have been overlooked
What are the 6 rights of medication administration?
Right drug, dose, time, route, patient, documentation
When do you check the MAR against the doctors order? (3x)
At the medication cart before gathering meds, at the door, and at the bedside before administering
2 patient identifiers
Name and DOB
3 sites for IM injection in adults
Ventrogluteal (hip), Vastus lateralis (muscle on the side of thigh), and deltoid (2-3 fingers down from acromion process)
How to find the ventrogluteal injection site?
Place palm on greater trochanter of femur, fingers around iliac crest, between pointer and middle finger (should be squishy)
How to find deltoid area?
2-3 fingers down from the acromion process
How to clean injection site?
Firm circular motion from inner to outer with alcohol pad
What to do after injecting and discarding needle?
Document time, medication, dose and route
Sites for subcutaneous injections
Backs of arms, outer thigh, and abdomen 2 inches at or below umbilicus
For subcutaneous injections, which sites have quicker absorption?
Stomach and backs of arms
What angle do you administer a sub-q injection?
45 to 90 degrees
What angle for a intramuscular injection?
90 degrees
What angle for an intradermal injection?
15 degrees
Locations for intradermal injections?
Scapular region (usually for allergy testing) and forearm
How many mL of liquid can the deltoid tolerate?
1 mL, as it is a smaller muscle
What is the most common needle size for an intramuscular injection?
1 1/2 inches with a 2-3 mL syringe
What is aspiration?
Pull back on syringe to see if there is blood return. If there is, you are in a vessel. Used when medicines being administered could cause harm if given intravenously
Before drawing medicine from vial, you should:
Clean the top of the vial with an alcohol swab
What is the IM site for children?
Rectus femoris
How long does it take Toradol to start working?
Less than 30 minutes and works for 4-6 hours.
Which type of insulin is cloudy?
Long acting (mix for 10 seconds before drawing)
What is the order for injecting air and drawing up insulin?
Cloudy, clear for injecting air and clear, cloudy for drawing up
How long after TB skin test does it need to be read?
Within 48-72 hours
What does a positive TB skin test look like?
Hard, raised bump/ 5mm +
What are the lab levels that need to be reviewed?
AST, ALT, BUN, Creatinine, Blood glucose, A1C
What lab levels tell you about the liver function?
AST and ALT
What lab levels tell you about the kidney function?
BUN and creatinine
What lab level shows that the blood glucose stays high when it is over 7.5%?
A1C. Diabetics will have a higher level as their blood sugar stays up.
What is the normal blood glucose level?
Under 100 for a non diabetic.
